{
  "batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
  "articles": [
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_tax_jurisdiction_uk",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "United Kingdom (HMRC): sole trader registration, tax rates, VAT, and record-keeping",
      "summary": "UK sole traders must register for Self Assessment if gross trading income exceeds £1,000, with registration required by 5 October following the tax year of commencement.",
      "body": "UK sole traders must register for Self Assessment if gross trading income exceeds £1,000, with registration required by 5 October following the tax year of commencement.\n\nWhat HMRC / GOV.UK actually says:\n\n“The deadline to register for Self Assessment is 5 October that follows the end of the tax year that you started trading in.”\n\nNote: Record retention: 5 years from the 31 January submission deadline.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/understanding-social-media-content-creators/research-to-understand-social-media-content-creators",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-02",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "HMRC / GOV.UK",
      "evidence_quote": "The deadline to register for Self Assessment is 5 October that follows the end of the tax year that you started trading in.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "United Kingdom (HMRC)",
      "topic": "sole trader registration, tax rates, VAT, and record-keeping",
      "applies_to_country": "UK",
      "applies_to_scope": "HMRC statutory rules",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "uk"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_tax_jurisdiction_canada",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Canada (CRA): sole proprietorship, GST/HST, and digital economy rules",
      "summary": "Canadian self-employed individuals must register for GST/HST if taxable supplies exceed $30,000 over a single calendar quarter or four consecutive calendar quarters.",
      "body": "Canadian self-employed individuals must register for GST/HST if taxable supplies exceed $30,000 over a single calendar quarter or four consecutive calendar quarters.\n\nWhat Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) actually says:\n\n“You do not have to register. You may choose to register voluntarily if you make taxable sales, leases, or other supplies in Canada... You exceed the $30,000 threshold over four consecutive calendar quarters... You have to register for the GST/HST.”\n\nNote: Record retention: 6 years from the end of the year to which they relate.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/gst-hst-businesses/when-register-charge.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-02",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Canada Revenue Agency (CRA)",
      "evidence_quote": "You do not have to register. You may choose to register voluntarily if you make taxable sales, leases, or other supplies in Canada... You exceed the $30,000 threshold over four consecutive calendar quarters... You have to register for the GST/HST.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Canada (CRA)",
      "topic": "sole proprietorship, GST/HST, and digital economy rules",
      "applies_to_country": "CA",
      "applies_to_scope": "Canada Revenue Agency (CRA)",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "ca"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_tax_jurisdiction_australia",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Australia (ATO): Australian Business Number (ABN), GST, and digital platforms",
      "summary": "Australian sole traders must register for GST if their annual GST turnover reaches $75,000 or more.",
      "body": "Australian sole traders must register for GST if their annual GST turnover reaches $75,000 or more.\n\nWhat Australian Taxation Office (ATO) actually says:\n\n“must register for goods and services tax (GST) if your annual GST turnover is $75,000 or more”\n\nNote: Record retention: 5 years from when records were prepared or transactions completed.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.ato.gov.au/businesses-and-organisations/starting-registering-or-closing-a-business/starting-your-own-business/business-structures-key-tax-obligations",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-02",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Australian Taxation Office (ATO)",
      "evidence_quote": "must register for goods and services tax (GST) if your annual GST turnover is $75,000 or more",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Australia (ATO)",
      "topic": "Australian Business Number (ABN), GST, and digital platforms",
      "applies_to_country": "AU",
      "applies_to_scope": "Australian Taxation Office (ATO)",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "au"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_tax_jurisdiction_us_states",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] State sales tax economic nexus and marketplace facilitator laws",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] US states enforce economic nexus thresholds for remote sellers and require marketplace facilitators to collect and remit sales tax on third-party sales.",
      "body": "US states enforce economic nexus thresholds for remote sellers and require marketplace facilitators to collect and remit sales tax on third-party sales.\n\nWhat State Revenue Authorities / Taxpayer Advocate Service actually says:\n\n“Marketplace facilitator laws legally require online platforms to collect and remit sales tax on behalf of third-party sellers.”\n\nNote: Record retention: Typically 3 to 7 years depending on state law.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.taxpayeradvocate.irs.gov/news/nta-blog/is-this-the-year-you-finally-get-a-form-1099-k/2025/02/",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-02",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "State Revenue Authorities / Taxpayer Advocate Service",
      "evidence_quote": "Marketplace facilitator laws legally require online platforms to collect and remit sales tax on behalf of third-party sellers.",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "United States (State Level)",
      "topic": "state sales tax economic nexus and marketplace facilitator laws",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "State Department of Revenue authorities",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "failed",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "claude_review_pull"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261024-131526Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_uk_sa_registration_threshold_trading1000",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "UK (HMRC): Self Assessment registration threshold for trading income",
      "summary": "An individual in the UK must tell HMRC and register for Self Assessment when their annual gross trading income exceeds £1,000.",
      "body": "An individual in the UK must tell HMRC and register for Self Assessment when their annual gross trading income exceeds £1,000.\n\nWhat HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK) actually says:\n\n“You must tell HMRC if you have: gross trading income over £1,000 — register for Self Assessment”\n\nNote: Page last updated 8 May 2019.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.gov.uk/guidance/tax-free-allowances-on-property-and-trading-income",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK)",
      "evidence_quote": "You must tell HMRC if you have: gross trading income over £1,000 — register for Self Assessment",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "UK (HMRC)",
      "topic": "Self Assessment registration threshold for trading income",
      "applies_to_country": "UK",
      "applies_to_scope": "Trading income from self-employment, casual services and hiring personal equipment; per tax year (6 April-5 April).",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "uk"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_uk_sa_registration_deadline_5october",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "UK (HMRC): Self Assessment registration deadline after exceeding the trading income threshold",
      "summary": "If gross trading income for a tax year exceeds £1,000, the individual must register for Self Assessment by 5 October in the following tax year.",
      "body": "If gross trading income for a tax year exceeds £1,000, the individual must register for Self Assessment by 5 October in the following tax year.\n\nWhat HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK) actually says:\n\n“If your gross income for a tax year is more than £1,000, you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October in the following tax year.”",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.gov.uk/guidance/tax-free-allowances-on-property-and-trading-income",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK)",
      "evidence_quote": "If your gross income for a tax year is more than £1,000, you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October in the following tax year.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "UK (HMRC)",
      "topic": "Self Assessment registration deadline after exceeding the trading income threshold",
      "applies_to_country": "UK",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "uk"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_uk_vat_registration_threshold_90000",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "UK (HMRC): VAT registration threshold",
      "summary": "A UK business must register for VAT when its total taxable turnover is more than £90,000.",
      "body": "A UK business must register for VAT when its total taxable turnover is more than £90,000.\n\nWhat HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK) actually says:\n\n“Total taxable turnover — More than £90,000 — Register for VAT”\n\nNote: Same page also lists the optional deregistration when taxable turnover is less than £88,000 (not recorded as a separate fact).",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.gov.uk/how-vat-works/vat-thresholds",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK)",
      "evidence_quote": "Total taxable turnover — More than £90,000 — Register for VAT",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "UK (HMRC)",
      "topic": "VAT registration threshold",
      "applies_to_country": "UK",
      "applies_to_scope": "Applies to UK-established businesses; different rules for bringing goods into Northern Ireland from the EU (also £90,000",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "uk"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_au_income_tax_filing_deadline_31oct",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Australia (ATO): Individual income tax return filing and payment deadline",
      "summary": "An Australian individual who needs to complete a tax return must lodge it (or engage a registered tax agent) by 31 October after the income year ending 30 June; if they self-lodge between 1 July and 31 October and end up with a tax bill, payment is due by 21 November.",
      "body": "An Australian individual who needs to complete a tax return must lodge it (or engage a registered tax agent) by 31 October after the income year ending 30 June; if they self-lodge between 1 July and 31 October and end up with a tax bill, payment is due by 21 November.\n\nWhat Australian Taxation Office actually says:\n\n“If you’re lodging your own tax return, you need to lodge it by 31 October each year.”\n\nNote: Official ATO page read via Wayback Machine capture dated 1 July 2026 (URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20260701112802/https://www.ato.gov.au/individuals-and-families/your-tax-return/before-you-prepare-your-tax-return/preparing-your-tax-return); page states 'Last updated 27 April 2026'.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.ato.gov.au/individuals-and-families/your-tax-return/before-you-prepare-your-tax-return/preparing-your-tax-return",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Australian Taxation Office",
      "evidence_quote": "If you’re lodging your own tax return, you need to lodge it by 31 October each year.",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Australia (ATO)",
      "topic": "Individual income tax return filing and payment deadline",
      "applies_to_country": "AU",
      "applies_to_scope": "If 31 October falls on a weekend, the due date is the next business day after 31 October.",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "au"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_uk_income_tax_rates_current",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "UK (HMRC): UK Income Tax rates and bands for the current tax year",
      "summary": "For the UK tax year 6 April 2026 to 5 April 2027, the standard Personal Allowance is £12,570 (0%), the basic rate is 20% on £12,571-£50,270, the higher rate is 40% on £50,271-£125,140, and the additional rate is 45% above £125,140.",
      "body": "For the UK tax year 6 April 2026 to 5 April 2027, the standard Personal Allowance is £12,570 (0%), the basic rate is 20% on £12,571-£50,270, the higher rate is 40% on £50,271-£125,140, and the additional rate is 45% above £125,140.\n\nWhat HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK) actually says:\n\n“Basic rate — £12,571 to £50,270 — 20%”\n\nNote: Page states the current tax year is from 6 April 2026 to 5 April 2027; rates reconfirmed via Personal Allowance sentence: 'The standard Personal Allowance is £12,570, which is the amount of income you do not have to pay tax on.'",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK)",
      "evidence_quote": "Basic rate — £12,571 to £50,270 — 20%",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "UK (HMRC)",
      "topic": "UK Income Tax rates and bands for the current tax year",
      "applies_to_country": "UK",
      "applies_to_scope": "Scotland has different income tax bands.",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "uk"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_uk_sa_filing_deadline_31jan",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "UK (HMRC): Self Assessment filing and payment deadlines",
      "summary": "For the 2025-26 tax return, an online Self Assessment tax return must be submitted and the tax paid by 11:59pm on 31 January 2027; paper returns must be received by 31 October 2026.",
      "body": "For the 2025-26 tax return, an online Self Assessment tax return must be submitted and the tax paid by 11:59pm on 31 January 2027; paper returns must be received by 31 October 2026.\n\nWhat HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK) actually says:\n\n“You must submit your online tax return by 11:59pm on 31 January 2027 or you’ll get a late filing penalty.”\n\nNote: Sister page states 'You must tell HMRC by 5 October if you need to complete a tax return for the previous year' and 'Pay your Self Assessment bill by 31 January.'",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns/deadlines",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK)",
      "evidence_quote": "You must submit your online tax return by 11:59pm on 31 January 2027 or you’ll get a late filing penalty.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "UK (HMRC)",
      "topic": "Self Assessment filing and payment deadlines",
      "applies_to_country": "UK",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "uk"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_us_wa_no_individual_income_tax",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Washington state individual income tax status",
      "summary": "Washington does not currently impose an individual income tax, but from 1 January 2028 a new 9.9% income tax will apply to individuals and married couples filing jointly with annual adjusted gross income exceeding $1 million.",
      "body": "Washington does not currently impose an individual income tax, but from 1 January 2028 a new 9.9% income tax will apply to individuals and married couples filing jointly with annual adjusted gross income exceeding $1 million.\n\nWhat Washington State Department of Revenue actually says:\n\n“Washington does not currently have an individual income tax.”\n\nNote: Established by 2026 Washington State Legislature through Senate Bill 6346; first returns due in April 2029.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://dor.wa.gov/taxes-rates/income-tax",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Washington State Department of Revenue",
      "evidence_quote": "Washington does not currently have an individual income tax.",
      "volatility": "high",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "US state income tax - Washington",
      "topic": "Washington state individual income tax status",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "Jurisdiction: Washington state, USA.",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-wa"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_au_gst_registration_threshold_75000",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Australia (ATO): GST registration threshold",
      "summary": "An Australian business or enterprise must register for GST when its GST turnover is $75,000 or more, measured as current turnover (current month plus previous 11 months) or projected turnover.",
      "body": "An Australian business or enterprise must register for GST when its GST turnover is $75,000 or more, measured as current turnover (current month plus previous 11 months) or projected turnover.\n\nWhat Australian Taxation Office actually says:\n\n“You must register for GST: when your business or enterprise has a GST turnover (gross income from all businesses minus GST) of $75,000 or more (the GST threshold)”\n\nNote: Official ATO page read via Wayback Machine capture dated 10 January 2026 (URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20260110130944/https://www.ato.gov.au/businesses-and-organisations/gst-excise-and-indirect-taxes/gst/registering-for-gst); page states 'Last updated 23 May 2025'.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.ato.gov.au/businesses-and-organisations/gst-excise-and-indirect-taxes/gst/registering-for-gst",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Australian Taxation Office",
      "evidence_quote": "You must register for GST: when your business or enterprise has a GST turnover (gross income from all businesses minus GST) of $75,000 or more (the GST threshold)",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Australia (ATO)",
      "topic": "GST registration threshold",
      "applies_to_country": "AU",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "au"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_au_gst_registration_deadline_21days",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Australia (ATO): GST registration deadline",
      "summary": "Once required to register for GST, an Australian business must do so within 21 days of its GST turnover exceeding the relevant threshold.",
      "body": "Once required to register for GST, an Australian business must do so within 21 days of its GST turnover exceeding the relevant threshold.\n\nWhat Australian Taxation Office actually says:\n\n“Once you are required to register for GST, you need to do so within 21 days.”\n\nNote: Read via Wayback Machine capture dated 10 January 2026 of the official ATO page.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.ato.gov.au/businesses-and-organisations/gst-excise-and-indirect-taxes/gst/registering-for-gst",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Australian Taxation Office",
      "evidence_quote": "Once you are required to register for GST, you need to do so within 21 days.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Australia (ATO)",
      "topic": "GST registration deadline",
      "applies_to_country": "AU",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "au"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_au_gst_taxi_ridesourcing_mandatory",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Australia (ATO): GST registration for taxi and ride-sourcing providers",
      "summary": "Providers of taxi or limousine travel for passengers (including ride-sourcing) must register for GST regardless of their GST turnover.",
      "body": "Providers of taxi or limousine travel for passengers (including ride-sourcing) must register for GST regardless of their GST turnover.\n\nWhat Australian Taxation Office actually says:\n\n“when you provide taxi or limousine travel for passengers (including ride-sourcing) regardless of your GST turnover”\n\nNote: Read via Wayback Machine capture dated 10 January 2026 of the official ATO page.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.ato.gov.au/businesses-and-organisations/gst-excise-and-indirect-taxes/gst/registering-for-gst",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Australian Taxation Office",
      "evidence_quote": "when you provide taxi or limousine travel for passengers (including ride-sourcing) regardless of your GST turnover",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Australia (ATO)",
      "topic": "GST registration for taxi and ride-sourcing providers",
      "applies_to_country": "AU",
      "applies_to_scope": "Applies to owner-drivers and those who lease or rent a taxi.",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "au"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_au_gst_abn_prerequisite",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Australia (ATO): ABN requirement before GST registration",
      "summary": "An Australian business must have an Australian business number (ABN) before it can register for GST.",
      "body": "An Australian business must have an Australian business number (ABN) before it can register for GST.\n\nWhat Australian Taxation Office actually says:\n\n“Before you register, you need to have an Australian business number (ABN).”\n\nNote: Read via Wayback Machine capture dated 10 January 2026 of the official ATO page.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.ato.gov.au/businesses-and-organisations/gst-excise-and-indirect-taxes/gst/registering-for-gst",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Australian Taxation Office",
      "evidence_quote": "Before you register, you need to have an Australian business number (ABN).",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Australia (ATO)",
      "topic": "ABN requirement before GST registration",
      "applies_to_country": "AU",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "au"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_au_income_tax_rates_2025_26",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Australia (ATO): Australian resident personal income tax rates",
      "summary": "For 2025-26, Australian resident income tax rates are nil up to $18,200, 16c per $1 over $18,200 up to $45,000, and then 30c/$1 over $45,000 up to $135,000, 37c/$1 over $135,000 up to $190,000, and 45c/$1 over $190,000; the 2% Medicare levy applies separately.",
      "body": "For 2025-26, Australian resident income tax rates are nil up to $18,200, 16c per $1 over $18,200 up to $45,000, and then 30c/$1 over $45,000 up to $135,000, 37c/$1 over $135,000 up to $190,000, and 45c/$1 over $190,000; the 2% Medicare levy applies separately.\n\nWhat Australian Taxation Office actually says:\n\n“Resident tax rates 2025–26 Taxable income Tax on this income 0 – $18,200 Nil $18,201 – $45,000 16c for each $1 over $18,200 $45,001 – $135,000 $4,288 plus 30c for each $1 over $45,000 $135,001 – $190,000 $31,288 plus 37c for each $1 over $135,000 $190,001 and over $51,638 plus 45c for each $1 over $190,000 The above rates do not include the Medicare levy of 2%.”\n\nNote: Read via Wayback Machine capture dated 15 August 2026 of the official ATO page; page states 'Last updated 13 August 2026'.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.ato.gov.au/tax-rates-and-codes/tax-rates-australian-residents",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Australian Taxation Office",
      "evidence_quote": "Resident tax rates 2025–26 Taxable income Tax on this income 0 – $18,200 Nil $18,201 – $45,000 16c for each $1 over $18,200 $45,001 – $135,000 $4,288 plus 30c for each $1 over $45,000 $135,001 – $190,000 $31,288 plus 37c for each $1 over $135,000 $190,001 and over $51,638 plus 45c for each $1 over $190,000 The above rates do not include the Medicare levy of 2%.",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Australia (ATO)",
      "topic": "Australian resident personal income tax rates",
      "applies_to_country": "AU",
      "applies_to_scope": "Rates do not include the Medicare levy.",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "au"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_ca_gst_hst_small_supplier_threshold_30000",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Canada (CRA): GST/HST small supplier threshold and registration",
      "summary": "A Canadian business that does not exceed the $30,000 threshold over four consecutive calendar quarters is a small supplier and does not have to register for GST/HST; exceeding $30,000 in a single calendar quarter makes it no longer a small supplier and it must register.",
      "body": "A Canadian business that does not exceed the $30,000 threshold over four consecutive calendar quarters is a small supplier and does not have to register for GST/HST; exceeding $30,000 in a single calendar quarter makes it no longer a small supplier and it must register.\n\nWhat Canada Revenue Agency (Canada.ca) actually says:\n\n“You do not exceed the $30,000 threshold over four consecutive calendar quarters. You are a small supplier. You do not have to register.”\n\nNote: Read via Wayback Machine capture dated 9 January 2026 of the official CRA page (page details: 2023-12-21). Charities/public service bodies use different $250,000/$50,000 tests.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/gst-hst-businesses/when-register-charge.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Canada Revenue Agency (Canada.ca)",
      "evidence_quote": "You do not exceed the $30,000 threshold over four consecutive calendar quarters. You are a small supplier. You do not have to register.",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Canada (CRA)",
      "topic": "GST/HST small supplier threshold and registration",
      "applies_to_country": "CA",
      "applies_to_scope": "Threshold is total worldwide taxable supplies (before expenses), including those of associates; excludes financial servi",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "ca"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_ca_gst_hst_registration_deadline_29days",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Canada (CRA): GST/HST registration deadline after exceeding threshold",
      "summary": "Once a business stops being a small supplier, it has to register for the GST/HST within 29 days of its effective date of registration.",
      "body": "Once a business stops being a small supplier, it has to register for the GST/HST within 29 days of its effective date of registration.\n\nWhat Canada Revenue Agency (Canada.ca) actually says:\n\n“You will have to register within 29 days of your effective date of registration.”\n\nNote: Read via Wayback Machine capture dated 9 January 2026 of the official CRA page. Statement appears in worked examples 2-4.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/gst-hst-businesses/when-register-charge.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Canada Revenue Agency (Canada.ca)",
      "evidence_quote": "You will have to register within 29 days of your effective date of registration.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Canada (CRA)",
      "topic": "GST/HST registration deadline after exceeding threshold",
      "applies_to_country": "CA",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "ca"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r13_tax_jurisdictions_ca_gst_hst_taxi_rideshare_mandatory",
      "category": "Business",
      "title": "Canada (CRA): GST/HST registration for taxi and ride-sharing drivers",
      "summary": "A self-employed taxi driver or commercial ride-sharing driver in Canada has to register for the GST/HST even if they are a small supplier.",
      "body": "A self-employed taxi driver or commercial ride-sharing driver in Canada has to register for the GST/HST even if they are a small supplier.\n\nWhat Canada Revenue Agency (Canada.ca) actually says:\n\n“If you are a self-employed taxi driver or commercial ride-sharing driver, you have to register for the GST/HST even if you are a small supplier.”\n\nNote: Read via Wayback Machine capture dated 9 January 2026 of the official CRA page.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/gst-hst-businesses/when-register-charge.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-05",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Canada Revenue Agency (Canada.ca)",
      "evidence_quote": "If you are a self-employed taxi driver or commercial ride-sharing driver, you have to register for the GST/HST even if you are a small supplier.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "13-tax-jurisdictions",
      "subject": "Canada (CRA)",
      "topic": "GST/HST registration for taxi and ride-sharing drivers",
      "applies_to_country": "CA",
      "applies_to_scope": "Ride-sharing is deemed to be a taxi business for GST/HST purposes.",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "ca"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    }
  ]
}
