{ "batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "articles": [ { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_art230_anchor", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Chapter citation and index for New York prostitution offences", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York's prostitution offences are codified as Article 230, 'Prostitution Offenses', within Penal Law Chapter 40, Part 3, Title M, on the state senate's official Open Legislation site.", "body": "New York's prostitution offences are codified as Article 230, 'Prostitution Offenses', within Penal Law Chapter 40, Part 3, Title M, on the state senate's official Open Legislation site.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“ARTICLE 230 Prostitution Offenses Penal (PEN) CHAPTER 40, PART 3, TITLE M”\n\nNote: Anchor record. Article 230 (Penal Law Chapter 40, Part 3, Title M) holds New York's prostitution, patronizing, promoting, compelling and trafficking offences. The index heading is quoted; the page also lists sections 230.00 through 230.45. Revision shown is 2025-12-26.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/P3TMA230", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "ARTICLE 230 Prostitution Offenses Penal (PEN) CHAPTER 40, PART 3, TITLE M", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law Article 230 - Prostitution Offenses", "topic": "chapter citation and index for New York prostitution offences", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State Penal Law; does not cover federal law, which is out of scope for this batch.", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_00_prostitution", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Core prostitution offence, its operative text and penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.00 makes a person guilty of prostitution when that person engages or agrees or offers to engage in sexual conduct with another person in return for a fee, and classifies prostitution as a class B misdemeanor; the offence turns on both a fee and actual, agreed or offered sexual conduct with another person.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.00 makes a person guilty of prostitution when that person engages or agrees or offers to engage in sexual conduct with another person in return for a fee, and classifies prostitution as a class B misdemeanor; the offence turns on both a fee and actual, agreed or offered sexual conduct with another person.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.00 Prostitution. A person is guilty of prostitution when such person engages or agrees or offers to engage in sexual conduct with another person in return for a fee. Prostitution is a class B Misdemeanor.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2014-09-22)'. The term 'sexual conduct' is not defined within Article 230; New York defines it in Penal Law Article 130, outside this chapter. Provenance/citation facts here are from the senate OpenLegislation page only.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.00", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.00 Prostitution. A person is guilty of prostitution when such person engages or agrees or offers to engage in sexual conduct with another person in return for a fee. Prostitution is a class B Misdemeanor.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.00 - Prostitution", "topic": "core prostitution offence, its operative text and penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. How it could touch a creator: paying a co-performer who is on camera, or agreeing to pay any person in r", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_01_prostitution_affirmative_defense", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Affirmative defense for victim defendants", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.01 creates an affirmative defense to prosecution for prostitution, school-zone prostitution, promoting prostitution and sex trafficking of a child where the defendant's participation resulted from being a victim of compelling prostitution, sex trafficking, sex trafficking of a child, or trafficking in persons under the federal trafficking victims protection act (22 U.S.C. Chapter 78).", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.01 creates an affirmative defense to prosecution for prostitution, school-zone prostitution, promoting prostitution and sex trafficking of a child where the defendant's participation resulted from being a victim of compelling prostitution, sex trafficking, sex trafficking of a child, or trafficking in persons under the federal trafficking victims protection act (22 U.S.C. Chapter 78).\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.01 Prostitution; affirmative defense. In any prosecution under section 230.00, section 230.03, section 230.19, section 230.20, subdivision 2 of section 230.25, subdivision 2 of section 230.30 or section 230.34-a of this article, it is an affirmative defense that the defendant's participation in the offense was a result of having been a victim of compelling prostitution under section 230.33 of this article, a victim of sex trafficking under section 230.34 of this article, a victim of sex trafficking of a child under section 230.34-a of this article or a victim of trafficking in persons under the trafficking victims protection act (United States Code, Title 22, Chapter 78).”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2021-02-05)'. This is the first record in the chapter that begins from a revision later than 2014, so the chapter text is commonly republished; each section's shown revision date is recorded per section.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.01", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.01 Prostitution; affirmative defense. In any prosecution under section 230.00, section 230.03, section 230.19, section 230.20, subdivision 2 of section 230.25, subdivision 2 of section 230.30 or section 230.34-a of this article, it is an affirmative defense that the defendant's participation in the offense was a result of having been a victim of compelling prostitution under section 230.33 of this article, a victim of sex trafficking under section 230.34 of this article, a victim of sex trafficking of a child under section 230.34-a of this article or a victim of trafficking in persons under the trafficking victims protection act (United States Code, Title 22, Chapter 78).", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.01 - Prostitution; affirmative defense", "topic": "affirmative defense for victim defendants", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. Relevant to a creator charged under the listed sections who was a trafficking or compelling-prostitution", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "trouble", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.enforcement" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_02_patronizing_definitions", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Statutory definitions of patronizing and of the person patronized", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.02 defines 'patronizing a person for prostitution' as paying a fee, or agreeing to pay a fee, or soliciting another person, in each case in connection with engaging in sexual conduct, and defines 'person who is patronized' as the person the defendant engaged, was to engage, or solicited for such sexual conduct with.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.02 defines 'patronizing a person for prostitution' as paying a fee, or agreeing to pay a fee, or soliciting another person, in each case in connection with engaging in sexual conduct, and defines 'person who is patronized' as the person the defendant engaged, was to engage, or solicited for such sexual conduct with.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.02 Patronizing a person for prostitution; definitions. 1. A person patronizes a person for prostitution when: (a) Pursuant to a prior understanding, he or she pays a fee to another person as compensation for such person or a third person having engaged in sexual conduct with him or her; or (b) He or she pays or agrees to pay a fee to another person pursuant to an understanding that in return therefor such person or a third person will engage in sexual conduct with him or her; or (c) He or she solicits or requests another person to engage in sexual conduct with him or her in return for a fee. 2. As used in this article, \"person who is patronized\" means the person with whom the defendant engaged in sexual conduct or was to have engaged in sexual conduct pursuant to the understanding, or the person who was solicited or requested by the defendant to engage in sexual conduct.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Lettered and numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.02", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.02 Patronizing a person for prostitution; definitions. 1. A person patronizes a person for prostitution when: (a) Pursuant to a prior understanding, he or she pays a fee to another person as compensation for such person or a third person having engaged in sexual conduct with him or her; or (b) He or she pays or agrees to pay a fee to another person pursuant to an understanding that in return therefor such person or a third person will engage in sexual conduct with him or her; or (c) He or she solicits or requests another person to engage in sexual conduct with him or her in return for a fee. 2. As used in this article, \"person who is patronized\" means the person with whom the defendant engaged in sexual conduct or was to have engaged in sexual conduct pursuant to the understanding, or the person who was solicited or requested by the defendant to engage in sexual conduct.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.02 - Patronizing a person for prostitution; definitions", "topic": "statutory definitions of patronizing and of the person patronized", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. This is the companion buyer-side definition to § 230.00; the statutory definition turns on both a fee an", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_03_school_zone", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Aggravated prostitution sentence and school-zone definition", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.03 makes prostitution a class A misdemeanor when a person aged nineteen or older commits it during school hours in a school zone knowing the act is within the direct view of children, and defines 'school zone' for sections 230.03, 230.08 and 230.19.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.03 makes prostitution a class A misdemeanor when a person aged nineteen or older commits it during school hours in a school zone knowing the act is within the direct view of children, and defines 'school zone' for sections 230.03, 230.08 and 230.19.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.03 Prostitution in a school zone. 1. A person is guilty of prostitution in a school zone when, being nineteen years of age or older, and acting during the hours that school is in session, he or she commits the crime of prostitution in violation of section 230.00 of this article at a place that he or she knows, or reasonably should know, is in a school zone, and he or she knows, or reasonably should know, that such act of prostitution is within the direct view of children attending such school. 2. For the purposes of this section, section 230.08 and section 230.19 of this article, \"school zone\" means (a) in or on or within any building, structure, athletic playing field, playground or land contained within the real property boundary line of a public or private elementary, parochial, intermediate, junior high, vocational, or high school, or (b) any public sidewalk, street, parking lot, park, playground or private land, located immediately adjacent to the boundary line of such school. Prostitution in a school zone is a class A misdemeanor.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Numbered and lettered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.03", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.03 Prostitution in a school zone. 1. A person is guilty of prostitution in a school zone when, being nineteen years of age or older, and acting during the hours that school is in session, he or she commits the crime of prostitution in violation of section 230.00 of this article at a place that he or she knows, or reasonably should know, is in a school zone, and he or she knows, or reasonably should know, that such act of prostitution is within the direct view of children attending such school. 2. For the purposes of this section, section 230.08 and section 230.19 of this article, \"school zone\" means (a) in or on or within any building, structure, athletic playing field, playground or land contained within the real property boundary line of a public or private elementary, parochial, intermediate, junior high, vocational, or high school, or (b) any public sidewalk, street, parking lot, park, playground or private land, located immediately adjacent to the boundary line of such school. Prostitution in a school zone is a class A misdemeanor.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.03 - Prostitution in a school zone", "topic": "aggravated prostitution sentence and school-zone definition", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. 'Sexual conduct' is not defined here; the section inherits the same open question as § 230.00 about whet", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_04_patronizing_3rd", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Lowest patronizing crime, elements and penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.04 makes a person guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in the third degree whenever he or she patronizes a person for prostitution, and classifies it as a class A misdemeanor.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.04 makes a person guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in the third degree whenever he or she patronizes a person for prostitution, and classifies it as a class A misdemeanor.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.04 Patronizing a person for prostitution in the third degree. A person is guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in the third degree when he or she patronizes a person for prostitution. Patronizing a person for prostitution in the third degree is a class A misdemeanor.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. The word 'patronizes' incorporates the whole of § 230.02.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.04", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.04 Patronizing a person for prostitution in the third degree. A person is guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in the third degree when he or she patronizes a person for prostitution. Patronizing a person for prostitution in the third degree is a class A misdemeanor.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.04 - Patronizing a person for prostitution in the third degree", "topic": "lowest patronizing crime, elements and penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. The elements come from the § 230.02 definition, which turns on paying, agreeing to pay, or soliciting a ", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_05_patronizing_2nd", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Patronizing a minor, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.05 makes patronizing a person for prostitution a class E felony when the defendant is eighteen or older and the person patronized is less than fifteen years old.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.05 makes patronizing a person for prostitution a class E felony when the defendant is eighteen or older and the person patronized is less than fifteen years old.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.05 Patronizing a person for prostitution in the second degree. A person is guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in the second degree when, being eighteen years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than fifteen years old. Patronizing a person for prostitution in the second degree is a class E felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Minor is not defined in this section; § 230.07 provides an age belief defense.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.05", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.05 Patronizing a person for prostitution in the second degree. A person is guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in the second degree when, being eighteen years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than fifteen years old. Patronizing a person for prostitution in the second degree is a class E felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.05 - Patronizing a person for prostitution in the second degree", "topic": "patronizing a minor, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. A defense under § 230.07 applies to this charge.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_06_patronizing_1st", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Most serious patronizing crime, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.06 makes patronizing a person for prostitution a class D felony where the person patronized is less than eleven years old, or where the defendant is eighteen or older and the person patronized is less than thirteen.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.06 makes patronizing a person for prostitution a class D felony where the person patronized is less than eleven years old, or where the defendant is eighteen or older and the person patronized is less than thirteen.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.06 Patronizing a person for prostitution in the first degree. A person is guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in the first degree when: 1. He or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than eleven years old; or 2. Being eighteen years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than thirteen years old. Patronizing a person for prostitution in the first degree is a class D felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote; § 230.07 provides an age belief defense.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.06", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.06 Patronizing a person for prostitution in the first degree. A person is guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in the first degree when: 1. He or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than eleven years old; or 2. Being eighteen years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than thirteen years old. Patronizing a person for prostitution in the first degree is a class D felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.06 - Patronizing a person for prostitution in the first degree", "topic": "most serious patronizing crime, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_07_patronizing_defense", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Age-belief defense", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.07 provides a defense to patronizing in the first or second degree, or in a school zone, where the defendant did not have reasonable grounds to believe the person was less than the age specified.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.07 provides a defense to patronizing in the first or second degree, or in a school zone, where the defendant did not have reasonable grounds to believe the person was less than the age specified.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.07 Patronizing a person for prostitution; defense. In any prosecution for patronizing a person for prostitution in the first or second degrees or patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone, it is a defense that the defendant did not have reasonable grounds to believe that the person was less than the age specified.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. The Legislature writes 'a defense' rather than 'an affirmative defense' here, in contrast to § 230.01.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.07", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.07 Patronizing a person for prostitution; defense. In any prosecution for patronizing a person for prostitution in the first or second degrees or patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone, it is a defense that the defendant did not have reasonable grounds to believe that the person was less than the age specified.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.07 - Patronizing a person for prostitution; defense", "topic": "age-belief defense", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "trouble", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.enforcement" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_08_patronizing_school_zone", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] School-zone patronizing, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.08 makes patronizing a person for prostitution a class E felony when the defendant is twenty-one or older, the person patronized is less than eighteen, and the act occurs at a place the defendant knows or should know is within a school zone as defined in § 230.03(2).", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.08 makes patronizing a person for prostitution a class E felony when the defendant is twenty-one or older, the person patronized is less than eighteen, and the act occurs at a place the defendant knows or should know is within a school zone as defined in § 230.03(2).\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.08 Patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone. 1. A person is guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone when, being twenty-one years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than eighteen years old at a place that he or she knows, or reasonably should know, is in a school zone. 2. For purposes of this section, \"school zone\" shall mean \"school zone\" as defined in subdivision two of section 230.03 of this article. Patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone is a class E felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.08", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.08 Patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone. 1. A person is guilty of patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone when, being twenty-one years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than eighteen years old at a place that he or she knows, or reasonably should know, is in a school zone. 2. For purposes of this section, \"school zone\" shall mean \"school zone\" as defined in subdivision two of section 230.03 of this article. Patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone is a class E felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.08 - Patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone", "topic": "school-zone patronizing, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. 'School zone' is incorporated from § 230.03 subdivision 2.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_10_no_defense", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Sex of parties immaterial; same-sex and gender-role no-defense rule", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.10 makes the sex of the two parties immaterial in prosecutions for prostitution or patronizing, and bars two specific defenses: that the parties were of the same sex, or that the fee receiver was male and the payer female.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.10 makes the sex of the two parties immaterial in prosecutions for prostitution or patronizing, and bars two specific defenses: that the parties were of the same sex, or that the fee receiver was male and the payer female.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.10 Prostitution and patronizing a person for prostitution; no defense. In any prosecution for prostitution or patronizing a person for prostitution, the sex of the two parties or prospective parties to the sexual conduct engaged in, contemplated or solicited is immaterial, and it is no defense that: 1. Such persons were of the same sex; or 2. The person who received, agreed to receive or solicited a fee was a male and the person who paid or agreed or offered to pay such fee was a female.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.10", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.10 Prostitution and patronizing a person for prostitution; no defense. In any prosecution for prostitution or patronizing a person for prostitution, the sex of the two parties or prospective parties to the sexual conduct engaged in, contemplated or solicited is immaterial, and it is no defense that: 1. Such persons were of the same sex; or 2. The person who received, agreed to receive or solicited a fee was a male and the person who paid or agreed or offered to pay such fee was a female.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.10 - Prostitution and patronizing a person for prostitution; no defense", "topic": "sex of parties immaterial; same-sex and gender-role no-defense rule", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. Confirms the statute is sex-neutral and applies between any parties, relevant to same-sex or non-normati", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "trouble", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.enforcement" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_11_aggravated_patronizing_3rd", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Aggravated patronizing of a minor, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.11 makes aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution a class E felony where the defendant is twenty-one or older, the person patronized is less than seventeen, and the defendant engages in vaginal, oral, anal or aggravated sexual contact (as defined in § 130.00) with the patronized person.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.11 makes aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution a class E felony where the defendant is twenty-one or older, the person patronized is less than seventeen, and the defendant engages in vaginal, oral, anal or aggravated sexual contact (as defined in § 130.00) with the patronized person.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.11 Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the third degree. A person is guilty of aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the third degree when, being twenty-one years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than seventeen years old and the person guilty of patronizing engages in vaginal sexual contact, oral sexual contact, anal sexual contact, or aggravated sexual contact as those terms are defined in section 130.00 of this part, with the person patronized. Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the third degree is a class E felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2024-09-06)'. The section sets out that 'sexual contact' terms come from Penal Law § 130.00, outside this article.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.11", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.11 Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the third degree. A person is guilty of aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the third degree when, being twenty-one years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than seventeen years old and the person guilty of patronizing engages in vaginal sexual contact, oral sexual contact, anal sexual contact, or aggravated sexual contact as those terms are defined in section 130.00 of this part, with the person patronized. Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the third degree is a class E felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.11 - Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the third degree", "topic": "aggravated patronizing of a minor, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_12_aggravated_patronizing_2nd", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Aggravated patronizing of a minor, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.12 makes aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution a class D felony where the defendant is eighteen or older, the person patronized is less than fifteen, and the defendant engages in vaginal, oral, anal or aggravated sexual contact (as defined in § 130.00) with the patronized person.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.12 makes aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution a class D felony where the defendant is eighteen or older, the person patronized is less than fifteen, and the defendant engages in vaginal, oral, anal or aggravated sexual contact (as defined in § 130.00) with the patronized person.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.12 Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the second degree. A person is guilty of aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the second degree when, being eighteen years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than fifteen years old and the person guilty of patronizing engages in vaginal sexual contact, oral sexual contact, anal sexual contact, or aggravated sexual contact as those terms are defined in section 130.00 of this part, with the person patronized. Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the second degree is a class D felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2024-09-06)'.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.12", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.12 Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the second degree. A person is guilty of aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the second degree when, being eighteen years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than fifteen years old and the person guilty of patronizing engages in vaginal sexual contact, oral sexual contact, anal sexual contact, or aggravated sexual contact as those terms are defined in section 130.00 of this part, with the person patronized. Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the second degree is a class D felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.12 - Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the second degree", "topic": "aggravated patronizing of a minor, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_13_aggravated_patronizing_1st", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Aggravated patronizing of a minor, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.13 makes aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution a class B felony where the person patronized is less than eleven years old, or the defendant is eighteen or older and the person patronized is less than thirteen, and the defendant engages in vaginal, oral, anal or aggravated sexual contact (as defined in § 130.00) with the patronized person.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.13 makes aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution a class B felony where the person patronized is less than eleven years old, or the defendant is eighteen or older and the person patronized is less than thirteen, and the defendant engages in vaginal, oral, anal or aggravated sexual contact (as defined in § 130.00) with the patronized person.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.13 Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the first degree. A person is guilty of aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the first degree when he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than eleven years old, or being eighteen years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than thirteen years old, and the person guilty of patronizing engages in vaginal sexual contact, oral sexual contact, anal sexual contact, or aggravated sexual contact as those terms are defined in section 130.00 of this part, with the person patronized. Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the first degree is a class B felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2024-09-06)'.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.13", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.13 Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the first degree. A person is guilty of aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the first degree when he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than eleven years old, or being eighteen years old or more, he or she patronizes a person for prostitution and the person patronized is less than thirteen years old, and the person guilty of patronizing engages in vaginal sexual contact, oral sexual contact, anal sexual contact, or aggravated sexual contact as those terms are defined in section 130.00 of this part, with the person patronized. Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the first degree is a class B felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.13 - Aggravated patronizing a minor for prostitution in the first degree", "topic": "aggravated patronizing of a minor, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_15_promoting_definitions", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Statutory definitions of advancing and profiting from prostitution", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.15 defines 'advance prostitution' (causing or aiding a person to commit or engage in prostitution, procuring or soliciting patrons, providing persons or premises, operating a prostitution enterprise, or any conduct designed to institute, aid or facilitate an act or enterprise of prostitution) and 'profit from prostitution' (accepting or receiving money or other property under an agreement to share in the proceeds of prostitution activity).", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.15 defines 'advance prostitution' (causing or aiding a person to commit or engage in prostitution, procuring or soliciting patrons, providing persons or premises, operating a prostitution enterprise, or any conduct designed to institute, aid or facilitate an act or enterprise of prostitution) and 'profit from prostitution' (accepting or receiving money or other property under an agreement to share in the proceeds of prostitution activity).\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.15 Promoting prostitution; definitions of terms. The following definitions are applicable to this article: 1. \"Advance prostitution.\" A person \"advances prostitution\" when, acting other than as a person in prostitution or as a patron thereof, he or she knowingly causes or aids a person to commit or engage in prostitution, procures or solicits patrons for prostitution, provides persons or premises for prostitution purposes, operates or assists in the operation of a house of prostitution or a prostitution enterprise, or engages in any other conduct designed to institute, aid or facilitate an act or enterprise of prostitution. 2. \"Profit from prostitution.\" A person \"profits from prostitution\" when, acting other than as a person in prostitution receiving compensation for personally rendered prostitution services, he or she accepts or receives money or other property pursuant to an agreement or understanding with any person whereby he or she participates or is to participate in the proceeds of prostitution activity.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote. The 'acting other than as a person in prostitution' carve-outs are the nearest thing in this article to a safe-harbour for the performer herself; whether a producer or a paid co-performer counts as 'providing persons for prostitution purposes' is not answered on this page.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.15", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.15 Promoting prostitution; definitions of terms. The following definitions are applicable to this article: 1. \"Advance prostitution.\" A person \"advances prostitution\" when, acting other than as a person in prostitution or as a patron thereof, he or she knowingly causes or aids a person to commit or engage in prostitution, procures or solicits patrons for prostitution, provides persons or premises for prostitution purposes, operates or assists in the operation of a house of prostitution or a prostitution enterprise, or engages in any other conduct designed to institute, aid or facilitate an act or enterprise of prostitution. 2. \"Profit from prostitution.\" A person \"profits from prostitution\" when, acting other than as a person in prostitution receiving compensation for personally rendered prostitution services, he or she accepts or receives money or other property pursuant to an agreement or understanding with any person whereby he or she participates or is to participate in the proceeds of prostitution activity.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.15 - Promoting prostitution; definitions of terms", "topic": "statutory definitions of advancing and profiting from prostitution", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. These definitions feed the promoting-prostitution crimes at 230.19-230.32. Both definitions exclude cert", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_19_promoting_school_zone", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] School-zone promoting, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.19 makes promoting prostitution in a school zone a class E felony where the defendant, nineteen or older, knowingly advances or profits from prostitution that he or she knows or should know will be committed in a school zone during school hours.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.19 makes promoting prostitution in a school zone a class E felony where the defendant, nineteen or older, knowingly advances or profits from prostitution that he or she knows or should know will be committed in a school zone during school hours.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.19 Promoting prostitution in a school zone. 1. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in a school zone when, being nineteen years old or more, he or she knowingly advances or profits from prostitution that he or she knows or reasonably should know is or will be committed in violation of section 230.03 of this article in a school zone during the hours that school is in session. 2. For purposes of this section, \"school zone\" shall mean \"school zone\" as defined in subdivision two of section 230.03 of this article. Promoting prostitution in a school zone is a class E felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.19", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.19 Promoting prostitution in a school zone. 1. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in a school zone when, being nineteen years old or more, he or she knowingly advances or profits from prostitution that he or she knows or reasonably should know is or will be committed in violation of section 230.03 of this article in a school zone during the hours that school is in session. 2. For purposes of this section, \"school zone\" shall mean \"school zone\" as defined in subdivision two of section 230.03 of this article. Promoting prostitution in a school zone is a class E felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.19 - Promoting prostitution in a school zone", "topic": "school-zone promoting, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. 'School zone' is incorporated from § 230.03(2).", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_20_promoting_4th", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Lowest promoting crime, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.20 makes promoting prostitution in the fourth degree a class A misdemeanor where the defendant knowingly advances or profits from prostitution, or, with intent to advance or profit from prostitution, distributes or disseminates obscene material or nudity-depicting material to ten or more people in a public place.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.20 makes promoting prostitution in the fourth degree a class A misdemeanor where the defendant knowingly advances or profits from prostitution, or, with intent to advance or profit from prostitution, distributes or disseminates obscene material or nudity-depicting material to ten or more people in a public place.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.20 Promoting prostitution in the fourth degree. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the fourth degree when he or she knowingly: 1. Advances or profits from prostitution; or 2. With intent to advance or profit from prostitution, distributes or disseminates to ten or more people in a public place obscene material, as such terms are defined by subdivisions one and two of section 235.00 of this title, or material that depicts nudity, as such term is defined by subdivision one of section 245.10 of this part. Promoting prostitution in the fourth degree is a class A misdemeanor.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2014-09-22)'. Numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.20", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.20 Promoting prostitution in the fourth degree. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the fourth degree when he or she knowingly: 1. Advances or profits from prostitution; or 2. With intent to advance or profit from prostitution, distributes or disseminates to ten or more people in a public place obscene material, as such terms are defined by subdivisions one and two of section 235.00 of this title, or material that depicts nudity, as such term is defined by subdivision one of section 245.10 of this part. Promoting prostitution in the fourth degree is a class A misdemeanor.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.20 - Promoting prostitution in the fourth degree", "topic": "lowest promoting crime, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. Subdivision 2 is the only promoting provision that touches distribution of obscene or nudity-depicting m", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_25_promoting_3rd", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Managing a prostitution business or enterprise, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.25 makes promoting prostitution in the third degree a class D felony where the defendant knowingly advances or profits from prostitution by managing or owning a house of prostitution or a prostitution business involving two or more persons in prostitution (or by selling travel-related services for patronizing), or advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than nineteen years old.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.25 makes promoting prostitution in the third degree a class D felony where the defendant knowingly advances or profits from prostitution by managing or owning a house of prostitution or a prostitution business involving two or more persons in prostitution (or by selling travel-related services for patronizing), or advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than nineteen years old.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.25 Promoting prostitution in the third degree. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the third degree when he or she knowingly: 1. Advances or profits from prostitution by managing, supervising, controlling or owning, either alone or in association with others, a house of prostitution or a prostitution business or enterprise involving prostitution activity by two or more persons in prostitution, or a business that sells travel-related services knowing that such services include or are intended to facilitate travel for the purpose of patronizing a person for prostitution, including to a foreign jurisdiction and regardless of the legality of prostitution in said foreign jurisdiction; or 2. Advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than nineteen years old. Promoting prostitution in the third degree is a class D felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote. Note 230.01 lists 'subdivision 2 of section 230.25' among the charges carrying the trafficking-victim defense.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.25", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.25 Promoting prostitution in the third degree. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the third degree when he or she knowingly: 1. Advances or profits from prostitution by managing, supervising, controlling or owning, either alone or in association with others, a house of prostitution or a prostitution business or enterprise involving prostitution activity by two or more persons in prostitution, or a business that sells travel-related services knowing that such services include or are intended to facilitate travel for the purpose of patronizing a person for prostitution, including to a foreign jurisdiction and regardless of the legality of prostitution in said foreign jurisdiction; or 2. Advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than nineteen years old. Promoting prostitution in the third degree is a class D felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.25 - Promoting prostitution in the third degree", "topic": "managing a prostitution business or enterprise, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. The first branch requires prostitution activity by two or more persons in prostitution, so it would not ", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_30_promoting_2nd", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Coerced or under-18 promoting, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.30 makes promoting prostitution in the second degree a class C felony where the defendant knowingly advances prostitution by compelling a person by force or intimidation, profits from such coercive conduct by another, or advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than eighteen years old.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.30 makes promoting prostitution in the second degree a class C felony where the defendant knowingly advances prostitution by compelling a person by force or intimidation, profits from such coercive conduct by another, or advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than eighteen years old.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.30 Promoting prostitution in the second degree. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the second degree when he or she knowingly: 1. Advances prostitution by compelling a person by force or intimidation to engage in prostitution, or profits from such coercive conduct by another; or 2. Advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than eighteen years old. Promoting prostitution in the second degree is a class C felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote; 230.01 covers subdivision 2 of this section.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.30", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.30 Promoting prostitution in the second degree. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the second degree when he or she knowingly: 1. Advances prostitution by compelling a person by force or intimidation to engage in prostitution, or profits from such coercive conduct by another; or 2. Advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than eighteen years old. Promoting prostitution in the second degree is a class C felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.30 - Promoting prostitution in the second degree", "topic": "coerced or under-18 promoting, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. Subdivision 2 (advancing or profiting from prostitution of a person under 18) carries the § 230.01 traff", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_32_promoting_1st", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Most serious promoting crime, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.32 makes promoting prostitution in the first degree a class B felony where the defendant knowingly advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than thirteen years old, or, being twenty-one or older, advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than fifteen years old.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.32 makes promoting prostitution in the first degree a class B felony where the defendant knowingly advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than thirteen years old, or, being twenty-one or older, advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than fifteen years old.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.32 Promoting prostitution in the first degree. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the first degree when he or she: 1. knowingly advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than thirteen years old; or 2. being twenty-one years old or more, he or she knowingly advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than fifteen years old. Promoting prostitution in the first degree is a class B felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Numbered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.32", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.32 Promoting prostitution in the first degree. A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the first degree when he or she: 1. knowingly advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than thirteen years old; or 2. being twenty-one years old or more, he or she knowingly advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than fifteen years old. Promoting prostitution in the first degree is a class B felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.32 - Promoting prostitution in the first degree", "topic": "most serious promoting crime, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_33_compelling_prostitution", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Compelling a minor by force, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.33 makes compelling prostitution a class B felony when a person eighteen or older knowingly advances prostitution by compelling a person less than eighteen years old, by force or intimidation, to engage in prostitution.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.33 makes compelling prostitution a class B felony when a person eighteen or older knowingly advances prostitution by compelling a person less than eighteen years old, by force or intimidation, to engage in prostitution.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.33 Compelling prostitution. A person is guilty of compelling prostitution when, being eighteen years old or more, he or she knowingly advances prostitution by compelling a person less than eighteen years old, by force or intimidation, to engage in prostitution. Compelling prostitution is a class B felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.33", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.33 Compelling prostitution. A person is guilty of compelling prostitution when, being eighteen years old or more, he or she knowingly advances prostitution by compelling a person less than eighteen years old, by force or intimidation, to engage in prostitution. Compelling prostitution is a class B felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.33 - Compelling prostitution", "topic": "compelling a minor by force, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. A victim of this offence can invoke the § 230.01 affirmative defense in her own prosecution.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_34_sex_trafficking", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Sex trafficking offence, its eight specified means and penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.34 makes sex trafficking a class B felony, committed when a person intentionally advances or profits from prostitution by any of eight specified means: drugging the patronized person, false statements, withholding or destroying identification documents, debt bondage, or using force or a scheme instilling fear of stated consequences.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.34 makes sex trafficking a class B felony, committed when a person intentionally advances or profits from prostitution by any of eight specified means: drugging the patronized person, false statements, withholding or destroying identification documents, debt bondage, or using force or a scheme instilling fear of stated consequences.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.34 Sex trafficking. A person is guilty of sex trafficking if he or she intentionally advances or profits from prostitution by: 1. unlawfully providing to a person who is patronized, with intent to impair said person's judgment: (a) a narcotic drug or a narcotic preparation; (b) concentrated cannabis as defined in paragraph (a) of subdivision four of section thirty-three hundred two of the public health law; (c) methadone; or (d) gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) or flunitrazepan, also known as Rohypnol; 2. making material false statements, misstatements, or omissions to induce or maintain the person being patronized to engage in or continue to engage in prostitution activity; 3. withholding, destroying, or confiscating any actual or purported passport, immigration document, or any other actual or purported government identification document of another person with intent to impair said person's freedom of movement; provided, however, that this subdivision shall not apply to an attempt to correct a social security administration record or immigration agency record in accordance with any local, state, or federal agency requirement, where such attempt is not made for the purpose of any express or implied threat; 4. requiring that prostitution be performed to retire, repay, or service a real or purported debt; 5. using force or engaging in any scheme, plan or pattern to compel or induce the person being patronized to engage in or continue to engage in prostitution activity by means of instilling a fear in the person being patronized that, if the demand is not complied with, the actor or another will do one or more of the following: (a) cause physical injury, serious physical injury, or death to a person; or (b) cause damage to property, other than the property of the actor; or (c) engage in other conduct constituting a felony or unlawful imprisonment in the second degree in violation of section 135.05 of this chapter; or (d) accuse some person of a crime or cause criminal charges or deportation proceedings to be instituted against some person; provided, however, that it shall be an affirmative defense to this subdivision that the defendant reasonably believed the threatened charge to be true and that his or her sole purpose was to compel or induce the victim to take reasonable action to make good the wrong which was the subject of such threatened charge; or (e) expose a secret or publicize an asserted fact, whether true or false, tending to subject some person to hatred, contempt or ridicule; or (f) testify or provide information or withhold testimony or information with respect to another's legal claim or defense; or (g) use or abuse his or her position as a public servant by performing some act within or related to his or her official duties, or by failing or refusing to perform an official duty, in such manner as to affect some person adversely; or (h) perform any other act which would not in itself materially benefit the actor but which is calculated to harm the person who is patronized materially with respect to his or her health, safety, or immigration status. Sex trafficking is a class B felony”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2014-09-22)'. The page's classification sentence appears without a terminal period, copied here exactly. Numbered and lettered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.34", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.34 Sex trafficking. A person is guilty of sex trafficking if he or she intentionally advances or profits from prostitution by: 1. unlawfully providing to a person who is patronized, with intent to impair said person's judgment: (a) a narcotic drug or a narcotic preparation; (b) concentrated cannabis as defined in paragraph (a) of subdivision four of section thirty-three hundred two of the public health law; (c) methadone; or (d) gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) or flunitrazepan, also known as Rohypnol; 2. making material false statements, misstatements, or omissions to induce or maintain the person being patronized to engage in or continue to engage in prostitution activity; 3. withholding, destroying, or confiscating any actual or purported passport, immigration document, or any other actual or purported government identification document of another person with intent to impair said person's freedom of movement; provided, however, that this subdivision shall not apply to an attempt to correct a social security administration record or immigration agency record in accordance with any local, state, or federal agency requirement, where such attempt is not made for the purpose of any express or implied threat; 4. requiring that prostitution be performed to retire, repay, or service a real or purported debt; 5. using force or engaging in any scheme, plan or pattern to compel or induce the person being patronized to engage in or continue to engage in prostitution activity by means of instilling a fear in the person being patronized that, if the demand is not complied with, the actor or another will do one or more of the following: (a) cause physical injury, serious physical injury, or death to a person; or (b) cause damage to property, other than the property of the actor; or (c) engage in other conduct constituting a felony or unlawful imprisonment in the second degree in violation of section 135.05 of this chapter; or (d) accuse some person of a crime or cause criminal charges or deportation proceedings to be instituted against some person; provided, however, that it shall be an affirmative defense to this subdivision that the defendant reasonably believed the threatened charge to be true and that his or her sole purpose was to compel or induce the victim to take reasonable action to make good the wrong which was the subject of such threatened charge; or (e) expose a secret or publicize an asserted fact, whether true or false, tending to subject some person to hatred, contempt or ridicule; or (f) testify or provide information or withhold testimony or information with respect to another's legal claim or defense; or (g) use or abuse his or her position as a public servant by performing some act within or related to his or her official duties, or by failing or refusing to perform an official duty, in such manner as to affect some person adversely; or (h) perform any other act which would not in itself materially benefit the actor but which is calculated to harm the person who is patronized materially with respect to his or her health, safety, or immigration status. Sex trafficking is a class B felony", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.34 - Sex trafficking", "topic": "sex trafficking offence, its eight specified means and penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. The trafficking victim may rely on the § 230.01 affirmative defense; the section's subdivision 4 (debt b", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_34a_sex_trafficking_child", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Sex trafficking of a child, penalty class, intent element", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.34-a makes sex trafficking of a child a class B felony where a person twenty-one or older intentionally advances or profits from prostitution of a child under eighteen, with no knowledge-of-age element and its own definitions of 'advances prostitution' and 'profits from prostitution'.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.34-a makes sex trafficking of a child a class B felony where a person twenty-one or older intentionally advances or profits from prostitution of a child under eighteen, with no knowledge-of-age element and its own definitions of 'advances prostitution' and 'profits from prostitution'.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.34-a Sex trafficking of a child. 1. A person is guilty of sex trafficking of a child when he or she, being twenty-one years old or more, intentionally advances or profits from prostitution of another person and such person is a child less than eighteen years old. Knowledge by the defendant of the age of such child is not an element of this offense and it is not a defense to a prosecution therefor that the defendant did not know the age of the child or believed such age to be eighteen or over. 2. For purposes of this section: (a) A person \"advances prostitution\" when, acting other than as a person in prostitution or as a patron thereof, and with intent to cause prostitution, he or she directly engages in conduct that facilitates an act or enterprise of prostitution. (b) A person \"profits from prostitution\" when, acting other than as a person in prostitution receiving compensation for personally rendered prostitution services, and with intent to facilitate prostitution, he or she accepts or receives money or other property pursuant to an agreement or understanding with any person whereby he or she participates in the proceeds of prostitution activity. Sex trafficking of a child is a class B felony.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2018-11-16)'. The section carries its own narrower advance/profit definitions, quoted in full with markers. A minor cannot legally give binding release consent, and this section plus 230.11-230.13, 230.32 are the chapter's minor-specific offences.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.34-A", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.34-a Sex trafficking of a child. 1. A person is guilty of sex trafficking of a child when he or she, being twenty-one years old or more, intentionally advances or profits from prostitution of another person and such person is a child less than eighteen years old. Knowledge by the defendant of the age of such child is not an element of this offense and it is not a defense to a prosecution therefor that the defendant did not know the age of the child or believed such age to be eighteen or over. 2. For purposes of this section: (a) A person \"advances prostitution\" when, acting other than as a person in prostitution or as a patron thereof, and with intent to cause prostitution, he or she directly engages in conduct that facilitates an act or enterprise of prostitution. (b) A person \"profits from prostitution\" when, acting other than as a person in prostitution receiving compensation for personally rendered prostitution services, and with intent to facilitate prostitution, he or she accepts or receives money or other property pursuant to an agreement or understanding with any person whereby he or she participates in the proceeds of prostitution activity. Sex trafficking of a child is a class B felony.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.34-a - Sex trafficking of a child", "topic": "sex trafficking of a child, penalty class, intent element", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. The § 230.01 affirmative defense expressly covers prosecution under this section.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_35_accomplice", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] No-accomplice rule for the minor performer", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.35 provides that in a prosecution for promoting or compelling prostitution, a person under eighteen from whose prostitution activity another is alleged to have advanced or profited shall not be deemed an accomplice.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.35 provides that in a prosecution for promoting or compelling prostitution, a person under eighteen from whose prostitution activity another is alleged to have advanced or profited shall not be deemed an accomplice.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.35 Promoting or compelling prostitution; accomplice. In a prosecution for promoting prostitution or compelling prostitution, a person less than eighteen years old from whose prostitution activity another person is alleged to have advanced or attempted to advance or profited or attempted to profit shall not be deemed to be an accomplice.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.35", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.35 Promoting or compelling prostitution; accomplice. In a prosecution for promoting prostitution or compelling prostitution, a person less than eighteen years old from whose prostitution activity another person is alleged to have advanced or attempted to advance or profited or attempted to profit shall not be deemed to be an accomplice.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.35 - Promoting or compelling prostitution; accomplice", "topic": "no-accomplice rule for the minor performer", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. Protects the minor against accomplice liability, not the person charged with promoting or compelling.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "trouble", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.enforcement" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_36_sex_trafficking_accomplice", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] No-accomplice rule for the trafficking victim/performer", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.36 provides that in a prosecution for sex trafficking, a person from whose prostitution activity another is alleged to have advanced or profited shall not be deemed an accomplice.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.36 provides that in a prosecution for sex trafficking, a person from whose prostitution activity another is alleged to have advanced or profited shall not be deemed an accomplice.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.36 Sex trafficking; accomplice. In a prosecution for sex trafficking, a person from whose prostitution activity another person is alleged to have advanced or attempted to advance or profited or attempted to profit shall not be deemed to be an accomplice.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2014-09-22)'.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.36", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.36 Sex trafficking; accomplice. In a prosecution for sex trafficking, a person from whose prostitution activity another person is alleged to have advanced or attempted to advance or profited or attempted to profit shall not be deemed to be an accomplice.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.36 - Sex trafficking; accomplice", "topic": "no-accomplice rule for the trafficking victim/performer", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. No age qualifier, unlike § 230.35.", "tags": { "lane": "partnered", "stage": "trouble", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.enforcement" ], "explicitness": "explicit_partnered" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_40_permitting_prostitution", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.40 - Permitting prostitution: premises-control offence, penalty class", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.40 makes permitting prostitution a class B misdemeanor where a person with possession or control of premises or a vehicle he or she knows are used for prostitution, or for advancing prostitution, fails to make reasonable effort to halt or abate that use.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.40 makes permitting prostitution a class B misdemeanor where a person with possession or control of premises or a vehicle he or she knows are used for prostitution, or for advancing prostitution, fails to make reasonable effort to halt or abate that use.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.40 Permitting prostitution. A person is guilty of permitting prostitution when, having possession or control of premises or vehicle which he or she knows are being used for prostitution purposes or for the purpose of advancing prostitution, he or she fails to make reasonable effort to halt or abate such use. Permitting prostitution is a class B misdemeanor.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2016-01-22)'. Tagged lane 'any' because the duty falls on a premises owner or controller, not on the person doing the work.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.40", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.40 Permitting prostitution. A person is guilty of permitting prostitution when, having possession or control of premises or vehicle which he or she knows are being used for prostitution purposes or for the purpose of advancing prostitution, he or she fails to make reasonable effort to halt or abate such use. Permitting prostitution is a class B misdemeanor.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.40 - Permitting prostitution", "topic": "premises-control offence, penalty class", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. Relevant to anyone who owns or controls the studio or set space where prostitution activity takes place ", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "running", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.content" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r179_new_york_prostitution_statute_every_section_ny_pen_230_45_limited_immunity", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Immunity for victims and witnesses reporting a crime", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] New York Penal Law § 230.45 grants immunity from prosecution under sections 230.00 and 230.03 to a person who, as a victim of or witness to a crime, engaged or is alleged to have engaged in an act prohibited by those sections and in good faith reports the crime, seeks necessary health care, or assists the investigation or prosecution, with a hearing mechanism if wrongly charged.", "body": "New York Penal Law § 230.45 grants immunity from prosecution under sections 230.00 and 230.03 to a person who, as a victim of or witness to a crime, engaged or is alleged to have engaged in an act prohibited by those sections and in good faith reports the crime, seeks necessary health care, or assists the investigation or prosecution, with a hearing mechanism if wrongly charged.\n\nWhat New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation actually says:\n\n“§ 230.45 Limited immunity from prosecution. 1. This section applies where a person is the victim of or a witness to a crime (including an individual who becomes aware that another person is a victim of a crime), and has engaged or is alleged to have engaged in an act prohibited under section 230.00 or 230.03 of this article at or in reasonable proximity to the time of the crime or under circumstances reasonably related to the crime, and, in good faith but not prior to, during or subsequent to an arrest or investigation for such prohibited act, (a) reports the crime to a criminal law enforcement agency, (b) if medically necessary, seeks or receives health care services as a result of the crime, or (c) attempts to assist in the investigation or prosecution of the crime. No such victim or witness to the crime shall be charged or prosecuted for an offense under section 230.00 or 230.03 of this article which is alleged to have been committed at or in reasonable proximity to the time of the crime or under circumstances reasonably related to the crime for which the person is a victim or witness. As used in this section, \"crime\" shall include an act that reasonably appears to be a crime, regardless of whether it results in a conviction as a crime. 2. Where a victim or witness to a crime believes that the conditions for immunity pursuant to subdivision one of this section have been met and such victim or witness has been erroneously charged under section 230.00 or 230.03 of this article, such victim or witness may request a hearing to be conducted no later than fifteen days after the charge or charges have been filed to move the court to decide whether conditions for immunity have been met. At such hearing, the court shall be permitted to accept all legally permitted evidence, including legally permissible hearsay, in support of both parties. If, after conducting such hearing, and by clear and convincing evidence, the court determines that the conditions for immunity were met, then the charge or charges shall be dismissed. If, after conducting such hearing, the court determines that the conditions for immunity were not met, then the charges shall not be dismissed and immunity shall be denied.”\n\nNote: Page shows 'Viewing most recent revision (from 2026-02-27)', the most recent revision date of any section in this article, matching the article index page's 2025-12-26 plus a later 2026-02-27 amendment. Numbered and lettered subparagraph markers preserved in the quote. Tagged lane 'any' because the immunity protects a victim or witness regardless of the kind of work.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/230.45", "last_verified": "2026-09-12", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate - NYS Open Legislation", "evidence_quote": "§ 230.45 Limited immunity from prosecution. 1. This section applies where a person is the victim of or a witness to a crime (including an individual who becomes aware that another person is a victim of a crime), and has engaged or is alleged to have engaged in an act prohibited under section 230.00 or 230.03 of this article at or in reasonable proximity to the time of the crime or under circumstances reasonably related to the crime, and, in good faith but not prior to, during or subsequent to an arrest or investigation for such prohibited act, (a) reports the crime to a criminal law enforcement agency, (b) if medically necessary, seeks or receives health care services as a result of the crime, or (c) attempts to assist in the investigation or prosecution of the crime. No such victim or witness to the crime shall be charged or prosecuted for an offense under section 230.00 or 230.03 of this article which is alleged to have been committed at or in reasonable proximity to the time of the crime or under circumstances reasonably related to the crime for which the person is a victim or witness. As used in this section, \"crime\" shall include an act that reasonably appears to be a crime, regardless of whether it results in a conviction as a crime. 2. Where a victim or witness to a crime believes that the conditions for immunity pursuant to subdivision one of this section have been met and such victim or witness has been erroneously charged under section 230.00 or 230.03 of this article, such victim or witness may request a hearing to be conducted no later than fifteen days after the charge or charges have been filed to move the court to decide whether conditions for immunity have been met. At such hearing, the court shall be permitted to accept all legally permitted evidence, including legally permissible hearsay, in support of both parties. If, after conducting such hearing, and by clear and convincing evidence, the court determines that the conditions for immunity were met, then the charge or charges shall be dismissed. If, after conducting such hearing, the court determines that the conditions for immunity were not met, then the charges shall not be dismissed and immunity shall be denied.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "179-new-york-prostitution-statute-every-section", "subject": "New York Penal Law § 230.45 - Limited immunity from prosecution", "topic": "immunity for victims and witnesses reporting a crime", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "New York State. The immunity is limited to § 230.00/230.03 prostitution charges arising at or near the reported crime; i", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "trouble", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "rules.enforcement" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "failed", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap", "deferred_state_uncorroborated:us-ny" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } } ] }