{ "batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "articles": [ { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c1", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: anchor", "summary": "New York's official statute site (NYSenate.gov Open Legislation) publishes the Penal Law as Chapter 40 of the Consolidated Laws.", "body": "New York's official statute site (NYSenate.gov Open Legislation) publishes the Penal Law as Chapter 40 of the Consolidated Laws.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“CHAPTER 40 OF THE CONSOLIDATED LAWS PENAL LAW”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "CHAPTER 40 OF THE CONSOLIDATED LAWS PENAL LAW", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "anchor", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c2", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: criminal statute / elements", "summary": "Penal Law 245.15(1)(a) criminalizes intentionally disseminating an intimate image of another with intent to cause harm, expressly including images created or altered by digitization.", "body": "Penal Law 245.15(1)(a) criminalizes intentionally disseminating an intimate image of another with intent to cause harm, expressly including images created or altered by digitization.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“they intentionally disseminate or publish a still or video image depicting such other person with one or more intimate parts exposed or engaging in sexual conduct with another person, including an image created or altered by digitization”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/245.15", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "they intentionally disseminate or publish a still or video image depicting such other person with one or more intimate parts exposed or engaging in sexual conduct with another person, including an image created or altered by digitization", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "criminal statute / elements", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c3", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: element - knowledge of non-consent", "summary": "Penal Law 245.15(1)(b) requires that the actor knew or reasonably should have known the person depicted did not consent.", "body": "Penal Law 245.15(1)(b) requires that the actor knew or reasonably should have known the person depicted did not consent.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“the actor knew or reasonably should have known that the person depicted did not consent to such dissemination or publication”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/245.15", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "the actor knew or reasonably should have known that the person depicted did not consent to such dissemination or publication", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "element - knowledge of non-consent", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c4", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: AI / synthetic coverage", "summary": "Penal Law 245.15(2)(d) defines digitization to include computer generated images.", "body": "Penal Law 245.15(2)(d) defines digitization to include computer generated images.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“\"digitization\" shall mean to alter an image in a realistic manner utilizing an image or images of a person, other than the person depicted, or computer generated images.”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/245.15", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "\"digitization\" shall mean to alter an image in a realistic manner utilizing an image or images of a person, other than the person depicted, or computer generated images.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "AI / synthetic coverage", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c5", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: penalty", "summary": "Unlawful dissemination or publication of an intimate image (Penal Law 245.15) is a class A misdemeanor.", "body": "Unlawful dissemination or publication of an intimate image (Penal Law 245.15) is a class A misdemeanor.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“Unlawful dissemination or publication of an intimate image is a class A misdemeanor.”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/245.15", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "Unlawful dissemination or publication of an intimate image is a class A misdemeanor.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "penalty", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c6", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: criminal limitation period", "summary": "CPL 30.10(2)(c) requires misdemeanor prosecutions (such as Penal Law 245.15) to be commenced within two years.", "body": "CPL 30.10(2)(c) requires misdemeanor prosecutions (such as Penal Law 245.15) to be commenced within two years.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“(c) A prosecution for a misdemeanor must be commenced within two years after the commission thereof;”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CPL/30.10", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "(c) A prosecution for a misdemeanor must be commenced within two years after the commission thereof;", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "criminal limitation period", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c7", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: civil remedy damages", "summary": "Civil Rights Law 52-b(2) lets the finder of fact award injunctive relief, punitive and compensatory damages, court costs and attorney's fees.", "body": "Civil Rights Law 52-b(2) lets the finder of fact award injunctive relief, punitive and compensatory damages, court costs and attorney's fees.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“relief, punitive damages, compensatory damages and reasonable court”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CVR/52-B", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "relief, punitive damages, compensatory damages and reasonable court", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "civil remedy damages", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c8", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: website removal order", "summary": "Civil Rights Law 52-b(4) allows a depicted person to seek a court order requiring a website subject to NY jurisdiction to permanently remove the image (an order-based, not automatic, takedown duty).", "body": "Civil Rights Law 52-b(4) allows a depicted person to seek a court order requiring a website subject to NY jurisdiction to permanently remove the image (an order-based, not automatic, takedown duty).\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“proceeding for a court order to require any website that is subject to”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CVR/52-B", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "proceeding for a court order to require any website that is subject to", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "website removal order", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c9", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: civil limitation period", "summary": "Civil Rights Law 52-b(6): action must be commenced by the later of three years after dissemination or one year after discovery.", "body": "Civil Rights Law 52-b(6): action must be commenced by the later of three years after dissemination or one year after discovery.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“a. three years after the dissemination or publication of an image; or”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CVR/52-B", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "a. three years after the dissemination or publication of an image; or", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "civil limitation period", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c10", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: AI in civil definition", "summary": "Civil Rights Law 52-b(11) defines digitization to include software, machine learning and artificial intelligence.", "body": "Civil Rights Law 52-b(11) defines digitization to include software, machine learning and artificial intelligence.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“software, machine learning, artificial intelligence, or any other”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CVR/52-B", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "software, machine learning, artificial intelligence, or any other", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "AI in civil definition", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c11", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: deepfake civil action", "summary": "Civil Rights Law 52-c gives a depicted individual a cause of action against a person who discloses or publishes digitized sexually explicit material knowing they did not consent.", "body": "Civil Rights Law 52-c gives a depicted individual a cause of action against a person who discloses or publishes digitized sexually explicit material knowing they did not consent.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“A depicted individual shall have a cause of action against a person who, discloses, disseminates or publishes sexually explicit material related to the depicted individual”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CVR/52-C", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "A depicted individual shall have a cause of action against a person who, discloses, disseminates or publishes sexually explicit material related to the depicted individual", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "deepfake civil action", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } }, { "id": "learn_r6718_new_york_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_new_york_6718_c12", "category": "Safety", "title": "New York: deepfake - disclaimer no defense", "summary": "Under Civil Rights Law 52-c(2)(b), a disclaimer that the depiction was unauthorized is not a defense.", "body": "Under Civil Rights Law 52-c(2)(b), a disclaimer that the depiction was unauthorized is not a defense.\n\nWhat New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York) actually says:\n\n“It shall not be a defense to an action under this section that there is a disclaimer in the sexually explicit material”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CVR/52-C", "last_verified": "2026-10-23", "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "New York State Senate (Consolidated Laws of New York)", "evidence_quote": "It shall not be a defense to an action under this section that there is a disclaimer in the sexually explicit material", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "6718-new-york-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws", "subject": "New York", "topic": "deepfake - disclaimer no defense", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "NY", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-ny" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" } } ] }