{
  "batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
  "articles": [
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_anchor_statute_index",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: statutory code index",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri's statutes are published by the Office of the Revisor of the Revised Statutes of Missouri at revisor.mo.gov, with Title XXXVIII CRIMES AND PUNISHMENT; PEACE OFFICERS AND PUBLIC DEFENDERS containing Chapter 565 Offenses Against the Person, which includes criminal harassment, invasion of privacy, cyberharassment, cyberstalking, and related offenses.",
      "body": "Missouri's statutes are published by the Office of the Revisor of the Revised Statutes of Missouri at revisor.mo.gov, with Title XXXVIII CRIMES AND PUNISHMENT; PEACE OFFICERS AND PUBLIC DEFENDERS containing Chapter 565 Offenses Against the Person, which includes criminal harassment, invasion of privacy, cyberharassment, cyberstalking, and related offenses.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“Title XXXVIII CRIMES AND PUNISHMENT; PEACE OFFICERS AND PUBLIC DEFENDERS\t\t\tChapter 565\tOffenses Against the Person”\n\nNote: Anchor record. The page heading 'Title XXXVIII CRIMES AND PUNISHMENT; PEACE OFFICERS AND PUBLIC DEFENDERS' and 'Chapter 565 Offenses Against the Person' are verbatim on the index page listing all sections under Chapter 565.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneChapter.aspx?chapter=565",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "Title XXXVIII CRIMES AND PUNISHMENT; PEACE OFFICERS AND PUBLIC DEFENDERS\t\t\tChapter 565\tOffenses Against the Person",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "statutory code index",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "choosing",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_criminal_harassment_statute_citation",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: criminal statute citation",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri criminalizes harassment in the first degree under RSMo 565.090, which defines the offense as engaging in any act without good cause with the purpose to cause emotional distress to another person.",
      "body": "Missouri criminalizes harassment in the first degree under RSMo 565.090, which defines the offense as engaging in any act without good cause with the purpose to cause emotional distress to another person.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“565.090.\tHarassment, first degree, penalty.\t— 1.\tA person commits the offense of harassment in the first degree if he or she, without good cause, engages in any act with the purpose to cause emotional distress to another person, and such act does cause such person to suffer emotional distress.”\n\nNote: The first criminal statute found that addresses non-consensual disclosure behavior. This is a broad harassment statute rather than a specific intimate-image crime; no separate revenge-porn statute was located in Chapter 565.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=565.090&bid=60741&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "565.090.\tHarassment, first degree, penalty.\t— 1.\tA person commits the offense of harassment in the first degree if he or she, without good cause, engages in any act with the purpose to cause emotional distress to another person, and such act does cause such person to suffer emotional distress.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "criminal statute citation",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "choosing",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_565_252_invasion_of_privacy_coverage",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: invasion of privacy statute",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri's invasion of privacy statute at RSMo 565.252 criminalizes photographing or creating an image of another person without consent while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity in a place with a reasonable expectation of privacy, or photographing under/over clothing without consent, and the offense escalates to a class E felony if the image is distributed via computer.",
      "body": "Missouri's invasion of privacy statute at RSMo 565.252 criminalizes photographing or creating an image of another person without consent while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity in a place with a reasonable expectation of privacy, or photographing under/over clothing without consent, and the offense escalates to a class E felony if the image is distributed via computer.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“1.\tA person commits the offense of invasion of privacy if he or she knowingly:\n(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.\n2.\tInvasion of privacy is a class A misdemeanor unless:\n(1)\tA person who creates an image in violation of this section distributes the image to another or transmits the image in a manner that allows access to that image via computer;\n(2)\tA person disseminates or permits the dissemination by any means, to another person, of a videotape, photograph, or film obtained in violation of this section;”\n\nNote: This is Missouri's closest statute to a revenge-porn law. It does not explicitly reference digital alterations or AI-generated imagery; it covers photographs, films, videotapes, or images created through visual recording devices.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=565.252&bid=29371&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "1.\tA person commits the offense of invasion of privacy if he or she knowingly:\n(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.\n2.\tInvasion of privacy is a class A misdemeanor unless:\n(1)\tA person who creates an image in violation of this section distributes the image to another or transmits the image in a manner that allows access to that image via computer;\n(2)\tA person disseminates or permits the dissemination by any means, to another person, of a videotape, photograph, or film obtained in violation of this section;",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "invasion of privacy statute",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "choosing",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_565_252_no_ai_coverage",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: digital alteration coverage",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri's invasion of privacy statute RSMo 565.252 does not explicitly reference digital alterations, AI-generated imagery, deepfakes, or synthetic depictions; it lists only photographs, films, videotapes, or other images created through visual recording of a person's actual body or clothing.",
      "body": "Missouri's invasion of privacy statute RSMo 565.252 does not explicitly reference digital alterations, AI-generated imagery, deepfakes, or synthetic depictions; it lists only photographs, films, videotapes, or other images created through visual recording of a person's actual body or clothing.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.”\n\nNote: The text uses physical recording verbs (photographs, films, videotapes, produces, creates an image of another person). There is no mention of digital manipulation, synthetic imagery, or AI generation. Missouri law does not explicitly cover deepfakes or AI-generated non-consensual intimate imagery under this statute; it is unclear if courts would extend it.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=565.252&bid=29371&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "digital alteration coverage",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "choosing",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_565_252_prosecution_elements",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: elements of invasion of privacy offense",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Prosecution of Missouri's invasion of privacy offense under RSMo 565.252 must prove: (1) the defendant knowingly created an image of another person without that person's consent while the person was in full or partial nudity in a place with a reasonable expectation of privacy, or knowingly created an image under or through the person's clothing for the purpose of viewing the body or undergarments without consent; and (2) if the image was distributed via computer or otherwise disseminated, the offense escalates from a class A misdemeanor to a class E felony.",
      "body": "Prosecution of Missouri's invasion of privacy offense under RSMo 565.252 must prove: (1) the defendant knowingly created an image of another person without that person's consent while the person was in full or partial nudity in a place with a reasonable expectation of privacy, or knowingly created an image under or through the person's clothing for the purpose of viewing the body or undergarments without consent; and (2) if the image was distributed via computer or otherwise disseminated, the offense escalates from a class A misdemeanor to a class E felony.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“1.\tA person commits the offense of invasion of privacy if he or she knowingly:\n(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.\n2.\tInvasion of privacy is a class A misdemeanor unless:\n(1)\tA person who creates an image in violation of this section distributes the image to another or transmits the image in a manner that allows access to that image via computer;\n(2)\tA person disseminates or permits the dissemination by any means, to another person, of a videotape, photograph, or film obtained in violation of this section;\n(3)\tMore than one person is viewed, photographed, filmed or videotaped during the same course of conduct;\n(4)\tThe offense was committed by a person who has previously been found guilty of invasion of privacy”\n\nNote: Elements are read directly from the statute. Distribution or dissemination to another person triggers felony classification.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=565.252&bid=29371&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "1.\tA person commits the offense of invasion of privacy if he or she knowingly:\n(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.\n2.\tInvasion of privacy is a class A misdemeanor unless:\n(1)\tA person who creates an image in violation of this section distributes the image to another or transmits the image in a manner that allows access to that image via computer;\n(2)\tA person disseminates or permits the dissemination by any means, to another person, of a videotape, photograph, or film obtained in violation of this section;\n(3)\tMore than one person is viewed, photographed, filmed or videotaped during the same course of conduct;\n(4)\tThe offense was committed by a person who has previously been found guilty of invasion of privacy",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "elements of invasion of privacy offense",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "choosing",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_565_252_civil_remedy",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: civil cause of action for invasion of privacy",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri's invasion of privacy statute at RSMo 565.252 creates a criminal offense only and does not itself establish a separate civil cause of action or define civil damages for victims of non-consensual intimate image disclosure; civil claims would rely on general tort law under Chapter 537.",
      "body": "Missouri's invasion of privacy statute at RSMo 565.252 creates a criminal offense only and does not itself establish a separate civil cause of action or define civil damages for victims of non-consensual intimate image disclosure; civil claims would rely on general tort law under Chapter 537.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“565.252.\tInvasion of privacy, penalty.\t— 1.\tA person commits the offense of invasion of privacy if he or she knowingly:\n(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.\n2.\tInvasion of privacy is a class A misdemeanor unless:”\n\nNote: Section 565.252 is a penalty (criminal) statute only. No private right of action or civil damages are stated within it. Missouri's general wrongful-death statutory damages framework under RSMo 537.080 and 537.090 applies to death cases only, not to non-fatal invasion of privacy. A separate tort claim for invasion of privacy may exist under general Missouri tort law (Chapter 537), but the specific civil remedy and damages available for non-consensual intimate image disclosure are not defined in the criminal statute.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=565.252&bid=29371&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "565.252.\tInvasion of privacy, penalty.\t— 1.\tA person commits the offense of invasion of privacy if he or she knowingly:\n(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.\n2.\tInvasion of privacy is a class A misdemeanor unless:",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "civil cause of action for invasion of privacy",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "trouble",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_565_400_cyberharassment",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: cyberharassment statute",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri's cyberharassment statute at RSMo 565.400 defines the offense as purposely or knowingly engaging in a threatening, aggressive, or otherwise fear-inducing course of conduct using digital technology or electronic communications to cause reasonable fear, alarm, anxiety, undue stress, or terror to others by repeated contact with no legitimate purpose, punishable as a class B misdemeanor for the first offense and a class A misdemeanor for subsequent offenses.",
      "body": "Missouri's cyberharassment statute at RSMo 565.400 defines the offense as purposely or knowingly engaging in a threatening, aggressive, or otherwise fear-inducing course of conduct using digital technology or electronic communications to cause reasonable fear, alarm, anxiety, undue stress, or terror to others by repeated contact with no legitimate purpose, punishable as a class B misdemeanor for the first offense and a class A misdemeanor for subsequent offenses.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“565.400.\tCyberharassment, offense of\t— penalty.\n1.\tA person commits the offense of cyberharassment if such person purposely or knowingly engages in a threatening, aggressive, or otherwise fear-inducing, course of conduct by using digital technology, internet service providers, electronic service providers, or other electronic communications and devices to cause reasonable fear, alarm, anxiety, undue stress, or terror to others by repeated contact with no legitimate purpose.\n2.\tThe first offense of cyberharassment shall be a class B misdemeanor.\tA second and any subsequent offense shall be a class A misdemeanor.”\n\nNote: Effective July 1, 2027. This statute addresses repeated online contact causing distress but does not specifically address non-consensual intimate image disclosure or distribution.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=565.400&bid=60745&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "565.400.\tCyberharassment, offense of\t— penalty.\n1.\tA person commits the offense of cyberharassment if such person purposely or knowingly engages in a threatening, aggressive, or otherwise fear-inducing, course of conduct by using digital technology, internet service providers, electronic service providers, or other electronic communications and devices to cause reasonable fear, alarm, anxiety, undue stress, or terror to others by repeated contact with no legitimate purpose.\n2.\tThe first offense of cyberharassment shall be a class B misdemeanor.\tA second and any subsequent offense shall be a class A misdemeanor.",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "cyberharassment statute",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "trouble",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_565_405_cyberstalking",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: cyberstalking statute",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri's cyberstalking statute at RSMo 565.405 defines the offense as purposely or knowingly engaging in a threatening, aggressive, or otherwise fear-inducing course of conduct using digital technology or electronic communications to enhance the ability to intimidate, track, follow or cause reasonable fear, alarm, anxiety, undue stress, or terror to another person, punishable as a class A misdemeanor for the first offense and a class E felony for subsequent offenses.",
      "body": "Missouri's cyberstalking statute at RSMo 565.405 defines the offense as purposely or knowingly engaging in a threatening, aggressive, or otherwise fear-inducing course of conduct using digital technology or electronic communications to enhance the ability to intimidate, track, follow or cause reasonable fear, alarm, anxiety, undue stress, or terror to another person, punishable as a class A misdemeanor for the first offense and a class E felony for subsequent offenses.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“565.405.\tCyberstalking, offense of\t— penalty.\n1.\tA person commits the offense of cyberstalking if such person purposely or knowingly engages in a threatening, aggressive, or otherwise fear-inducing, course of conduct by using digital technology, internet service providers, electronic service providers, or other electronic communications and devices to enhance the ability to intimidate, track, follow or cause reasonable fear, alarm, anxiety, undue stress, or terror to another person.\n2.\tThe first offense of cyberstalking shall be a class A misdemeanor.\tA second and any subsequent offense shall be a class E felony.”\n\nNote: Effective July 1, 2027. This statute addresses online intimidation and tracking behavior but does not specifically address non-consensual intimate image disclosure.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=565.405&bid=60746&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "565.405.\tCyberstalking, offense of\t— penalty.\n1.\tA person commits the offense of cyberstalking if such person purposely or knowingly engages in a threatening, aggressive, or otherwise fear-inducing, course of conduct by using digital technology, internet service providers, electronic service providers, or other electronic communications and devices to enhance the ability to intimidate, track, follow or cause reasonable fear, alarm, anxiety, undue stress, or terror to another person.\n2.\tThe first offense of cyberstalking shall be a class A misdemeanor.\tA second and any subsequent offense shall be a class E felony.",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "cyberstalking statute",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "trouble",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_565_240_doxxing",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: unlawful posting of personally identifiable information",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri's unlawful posting statute at RSMo 565.240 criminalizes knowingly posting the name, home address, Social Security number, telephone number, or other personally identifiable information of any person on the internet intending to cause great bodily harm or death, classified as a class C misdemeanor or class E/D felony if the target is a law enforcement officer or their family.",
      "body": "Missouri's unlawful posting statute at RSMo 565.240 criminalizes knowingly posting the name, home address, Social Security number, telephone number, or other personally identifiable information of any person on the internet intending to cause great bodily harm or death, classified as a class C misdemeanor or class E/D felony if the target is a law enforcement officer or their family.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“565.240.\tUnlawful posting of certain information over the internet, offense of\t— violation, penalty.\n1.\tA person commits the offense of unlawful posting of certain information over the internet if he or she knowingly posts the name, home address, Social Security number, telephone number, or any other personally identifiable information of any person on the internet intending to cause great bodily harm or death, or threatening to cause great bodily harm or death to such person.\n2.\tThe offense of unlawful posting of certain information over the internet is a class C misdemeanor, unless the person knowingly posts on the internet the name, home address, Social Security number, telephone number, or any other personally identifiable information of any law enforcement officer, corrections officer, parole officer, judge, commissioner, or prosecuting attorney, or of any immediate family member of such law enforcement officer, corrections officer, parole officer, judge, commissioner, or prosecuting attorney, intending to cause great bodily harm or death, or threatening to cause great bodily harm or death, in which case it is a class E felony, and if such intention or threat results in bodily harm or death to such person or immediate family member, the offense of unlawful posting of certain information over the internet is a class D felony.”\n\nNote: This statute addresses doxxing but does not specifically cover non-consensual intimate image sharing. It requires intent to cause great bodily harm or death.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=565.240&bid=54052&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "565.240.\tUnlawful posting of certain information over the internet, offense of\t— violation, penalty.\n1.\tA person commits the offense of unlawful posting of certain information over the internet if he or she knowingly posts the name, home address, Social Security number, telephone number, or any other personally identifiable information of any person on the internet intending to cause great bodily harm or death, or threatening to cause great bodily harm or death to such person.\n2.\tThe offense of unlawful posting of certain information over the internet is a class C misdemeanor, unless the person knowingly posts on the internet the name, home address, Social Security number, telephone number, or any other personally identifiable information of any law enforcement officer, corrections officer, parole officer, judge, commissioner, or prosecuting attorney, or of any immediate family member of such law enforcement officer, corrections officer, parole officer, judge, commissioner, or prosecuting attorney, intending to cause great bodily harm or death, or threatening to cause great bodily harm or death, in which case it is a class E felony, and if such intention or threat results in bodily harm or death to such person or immediate family member, the offense of unlawful posting of certain information over the internet is a class D felony.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "unlawful posting of personally identifiable information",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "trouble",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.privacy"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_statute_of_limitations_516_140",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: civil statute of limitations for privacy torts",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri civil actions for libel, slander, injurious falsehood, assault, battery, false imprisonment, criminal conversation, malicious prosecution, and actions under RSMo 290.140 must be commenced within two years of the cause accruing, per RSMo 516.140.",
      "body": "Missouri civil actions for libel, slander, injurious falsehood, assault, battery, false imprisonment, criminal conversation, malicious prosecution, and actions under RSMo 290.140 must be commenced within two years of the cause accruing, per RSMo 516.140.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“516.140.\tWhat actions within two years.\t— Within two years: an action for libel, slander, injurious falsehood, assault, battery, false imprisonment, criminal conversation, malicious prosecution or actions brought under section 290.140.”\n\nNote: This two-year limitation for tort claims like invasion of privacy is the governing civil limitation period for privacy-related claims that do not fall under wrongful death. The cause of action accrues when the damage is sustained and capable of ascertainment per RSMo 516.100.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=516.140&bid=27836&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "516.140.\tWhat actions within two years.\t— Within two years: an action for libel, slander, injurious falsehood, assault, battery, false imprisonment, criminal conversation, malicious prosecution or actions brought under section 290.140.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "civil statute of limitations for privacy torts",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "running",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_516_100_accrual_rule",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: civil cause of action accrual rule",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri's civil limitation statute at RSMo 516.100 states that civil actions can only be commenced within the periods prescribed after the cause of action accrues, and that the cause of action does not accrue when the wrong is done but when the damage resulting therefrom is sustained and is capable of ascertainment, with the last item of damage determining the accrual date so that all resulting damage may be recovered.",
      "body": "Missouri's civil limitation statute at RSMo 516.100 states that civil actions can only be commenced within the periods prescribed after the cause of action accrues, and that the cause of action does not accrue when the wrong is done but when the damage resulting therefrom is sustained and is capable of ascertainment, with the last item of damage determining the accrual date so that all resulting damage may be recovered.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“516.100.\tPeriod of limitation prescribed.\t— Civil actions, other than those for the recovery of real property, can only be commenced within the periods prescribed in the following sections, after the causes of action shall have accrued; provided, that for the purposes of sections 516.100 to 516.370, the cause of action shall not be deemed to accrue when the wrong is done or the technical breach of contract or duty occurs, but when the damage resulting therefrom is sustained and is capable of ascertainment, and, if more than one item of damage, then the last item, so that all resulting damage may be recovered, and full and complete relief obtained.”\n\nNote: This accrual rule governs when the statute of limitations begins to run for civil tort claims including invasion of privacy.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=516.100&bid=27830&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "516.100.\tPeriod of limitation prescribed.\t— Civil actions, other than those for the recovery of real property, can only be commenced within the periods prescribed in the following sections, after the causes of action shall have accrued; provided, that for the purposes of sections 516.100 to 516.370, the cause of action shall not be deemed to accrue when the wrong is done or the technical breach of contract or duty occurs, but when the damage resulting therefrom is sustained and is capable of ascertainment, and, if more than one item of damage, then the last item, so that all resulting damage may be recovered, and full and complete relief obtained.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "civil cause of action accrual rule",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "running",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r676_missouri_revenge_porn_and_deepfake_laws_mo_rec_no_mandatory_takedown_duty",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri: website takedown duty for intimate images",
      "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] Missouri criminal statutes governing invasion of privacy, cyberharassment, or cyberstalking do not impose a mandatory takedown or removal duty on websites or internet platforms hosting non-consensual intimate images.",
      "body": "Missouri criminal statutes governing invasion of privacy, cyberharassment, or cyberstalking do not impose a mandatory takedown or removal duty on websites or internet platforms hosting non-consensual intimate images.\n\nWhat Missouri Revisor of Statutes actually says:\n\n“565.252.\tInvasion of privacy, penalty.\t— 1.\tA person commits the offense of invasion of privacy if he or she knowingly:\n(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.\n2.\tInvasion of privacy is a class A misdemeanor unless:”\n\nNote: After reviewing criminal statutes 565.252 (invasion of privacy), 565.400 (cyberharassment), and 565.405 (cyberstalking), no statutory language imposes a mandatory takedown or removal duty on hosting platforms. The statutes define criminal offenses for the original poster or distributor but do not require ISPs, platforms, or websites to remove content upon notification. This contrasts with some other states that have enacted platform liability for non-consensual intimate imagery. A civil injunction under Missouri court procedure may be available, but that is not a statutory takedown duty.",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=565.252&bid=29371&hl=",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Missouri Revisor of Statutes",
      "evidence_quote": "565.252.\tInvasion of privacy, penalty.\t— 1.\tA person commits the offense of invasion of privacy if he or she knowingly:\n(1)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person, without the person's consent, while the person is in a state of full or partial nudity and is in a place where one would have a reasonable expectation of privacy; or\n(2)\tPhotographs, films, videotapes, produces, or otherwise creates an image of another person under or through the clothing worn by that other person for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person without that person's consent.\n2.\tInvasion of privacy is a class A misdemeanor unless:",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "676-missouri-revenge-porn-and-deepfake-laws",
      "subject": "Missouri",
      "topic": "website takedown duty for intimate images",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "trouble",
        "region": [
          "us-mo"
        ],
        "platform": "missouri",
        "topic": [
          "safety.legal"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      },
      "verification": {
        "status": "unverified",
        "label": "Unverified - being checked",
        "reasons": [
          "legal_fetch_over_cap"
        ],
        "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z"
      }
    }
  ]
}