{
  "batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
  "articles": [
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c1",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: anchor",
      "summary": "Montana recording/interception offences sit in MCA Title 45 (Crimes), Chapter 8 \"Offenses Against Public Order\", Part 2 \"Offensive, Indecent, and Inhumane Conduct\"; index at the Legislature MCA site.",
      "body": "Montana recording/interception offences sit in MCA Title 45 (Crimes), Chapter 8 \"Offenses Against Public Order\", Part 2 \"Offensive, Indecent, and Inhumane Conduct\"; index at the Legislature MCA site.\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“Part 2. Offensive, Indecent, and Inhumane Conduct - Table of Contents, Title 45, Chapter 8, MCA”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0020/sections_index.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "Part 2. Offensive, Indecent, and Inhumane Conduct - Table of Contents, Title 45, Chapter 8, MCA",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "anchor",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c2",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: statute citation",
      "summary": "The Montana recording statute is MCA 45-8-213, \"Privacy in communications\".",
      "body": "The Montana recording statute is MCA 45-8-213, \"Privacy in communications\".\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“45-8-213. Privacy in communications. (1) Except as provided in 69-6-104, a person commits the offense of violating privacy in communications if the person knowingly or purposely:”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0020/section_0130/0450-0080-0020-0130.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "45-8-213. Privacy in communications. (1) Except as provided in 69-6-104, a person commits the offense of violating privacy in communications if the person knowingly or purposely:",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "statute citation",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c3",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: consent regime (all-party)",
      "summary": "MCA 45-8-213(1)(c) makes it an offense to record a conversation with a hidden device without the knowledge of ALL parties, so Montana is an all-party (knowledge/notice) state for hidden audio recording of conversations.",
      "body": "MCA 45-8-213(1)(c) makes it an offense to record a conversation with a hidden device without the knowledge of ALL parties, so Montana is an all-party (knowledge/notice) state for hidden audio recording of conversations.\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“(c) records or causes to be recorded a conversation by use of a hidden electronic or mechanical device that reproduces a human conversation without the knowledge of all parties to the conversation;”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0020/section_0130/0450-0080-0020-0130.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "(c) records or causes to be recorded a conversation by use of a hidden electronic or mechanical device that reproduces a human conversation without the knowledge of all parties to the conversation;",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "consent regime (all-party)",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c4",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: exception - warning given",
      "summary": "Under MCA 45-8-213(2)(a)(iii) the hidden-recording ban does not apply to persons given warning of the recording, and if one person gives the warning either party may record.",
      "body": "Under MCA 45-8-213(2)(a)(iii) the hidden-recording ban does not apply to persons given warning of the recording, and if one person gives the warning either party may record.\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“(iii) persons given warning of the transcription or recording. If one person provides the warning, either party may record.”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0020/section_0130/0450-0080-0020-0130.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "(iii) persons given warning of the transcription or recording. If one person provides the warning, either party may record.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "exception - warning given",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c5",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: exception - officials and public meetings",
      "summary": "MCA 45-8-213(2)(a)(i)-(ii) exempts public officials/employees recording in performance of official duty and persons speaking at public meetings.",
      "body": "MCA 45-8-213(2)(a)(i)-(ii) exempts public officials/employees recording in performance of official duty and persons speaking at public meetings.\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“(i) elected or appointed public officials or to public employees when the transcription or recording is done in the performance of official duty;”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0020/section_0130/0450-0080-0020-0130.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "(i) elected or appointed public officials or to public employees when the transcription or recording is done in the performance of official duty;",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "exception - officials and public meetings",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c6",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: exception - health care emergency calls",
      "summary": "MCA 45-8-213(2)(a)(iv) exempts health care facilities or agencies recording health care emergency telephone communications.",
      "body": "MCA 45-8-213(2)(a)(iv) exempts health care facilities or agencies recording health care emergency telephone communications.\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“(iv) a health care facility, as defined in 50-5-101, or a government agency that deals with health care if the recording is of a health care emergency telephone communication made to the facility or agency.”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0020/section_0130/0450-0080-0020-0130.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "(iv) a health care facility, as defined in 50-5-101, or a government agency that deals with health care if the recording is of a health care emergency telephone communication made to the facility or agency.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "exception - health care emergency calls",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c7",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: interception of electronic communications",
      "summary": "MCA 45-8-213(3) separately makes purposely intercepting an electronic communication an offense, except for officials on duty or persons given warning; 69-6-104 (hostage situations) is also excepted.",
      "body": "MCA 45-8-213(3) separately makes purposely intercepting an electronic communication an offense, except for officials on duty or persons given warning; 69-6-104 (hostage situations) is also excepted.\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“(3) Except as provided in 69-6-104, a person commits the offense of violating privacy in communications if the person purposely intercepts an electronic communication.”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0020/section_0130/0450-0080-0020-0130.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "(3) Except as provided in 69-6-104, a person commits the offense of violating privacy in communications if the person purposely intercepts an electronic communication.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "interception of electronic communications",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c8",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: penalty",
      "summary": "A conviction under MCA 45-8-213 carries a fine up to $500, up to 6 months in county jail, or both (a misdemeanor-level penalty).",
      "body": "A conviction under MCA 45-8-213 carries a fine up to $500, up to 6 months in county jail, or both (a misdemeanor-level penalty).\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“(4) (a) A person convicted of the offense of violating privacy in communications shall be fined an amount not to exceed $500 or be imprisoned in the county jail for a term not to exceed 6 months, or both.”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0020/section_0130/0450-0080-0020-0130.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "(4) (a) A person convicted of the offense of violating privacy in communications shall be fined an amount not to exceed $500 or be imprisoned in the county jail for a term not to exceed 6 months, or both.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "penalty",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c9",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: intimate images incl. digitally fabricated",
      "summary": "MCA 45-8-213(1)(d) also criminalizes publishing real or digitally fabricated intimate images of an identifiable person without consent with intent to harass or obtain money; a second conviction is a felony up to 5 years/$25,000.",
      "body": "MCA 45-8-213(1)(d) also criminalizes publishing real or digitally fabricated intimate images of an identifiable person without consent with intent to harass or obtain money; a second conviction is a felony up to 5 years/$25,000.\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“(d) On a second or subsequent conviction of subsection (1)(d) or (1)(e), a person is guilty of a felony and shall be imprisoned for a term not to exceed 5 years or be fined an amount not to exceed $25,000, or both.”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0020/section_0130/0450-0080-0020-0130.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "(d) On a second or subsequent conviction of subsection (1)(d) or (1)(e), a person is guilty of a felony and shall be imprisoned for a term not to exceed 5 years or be fined an amount not to exceed $25,000, or both.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "intimate images incl. digitally fabricated",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c10",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: video without audio - separate statute",
      "summary": "Silent video/visual recording is governed separately by MCA 45-5-223 (surreptitious visual observation or recordation), which covers secretly recording occupants of a residence without their knowledge.",
      "body": "Silent video/visual recording is governed separately by MCA 45-5-223 (surreptitious visual observation or recordation), which covers secretly recording occupants of a residence without their knowledge.\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“(b) by means of an electronic device, surreptitiously observing or recording the visual image of any occupant in the residence without the occupant's knowledge.”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0050/part_0020/section_0230/0450-0050-0020-0230.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "(b) by means of an electronic device, surreptitiously observing or recording the visual image of any occupant in the residence without the occupant's knowledge.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "video without audio - separate statute",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_c11",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: video penalty",
      "summary": "MCA 45-5-223(4): first conviction up to $500 / 6 months; second up to $1,000 / 1 year; third or later up to $10,000 / 5 years.",
      "body": "MCA 45-5-223(4): first conviction up to $500 / 6 months; second up to $1,000 / 1 year; third or later up to $10,000 / 5 years.\n\nWhat Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated) actually says:\n\n“Upon a third or subsequent conviction, a person shall be fined an amount not to exceed $10,000 or be incarcerated for a term not to exceed 5 years, or both.”\n\nNote: Claude session research 2026-10-23 (web search + fetch of the official page); quote re-checked by the verify gate",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0050/part_0020/section_0230/0450-0050-0020-0230.html",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-23",
      "reliability": "VERIFIED RULE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated)",
      "evidence_quote": "Upon a third or subsequent conviction, a person shall be fined an amount not to exceed $10,000 or be incarcerated for a term not to exceed 5 years, or both.",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "video penalty",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "MT",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_q1",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: civil remedy (treble damages, attorney fees)",
      "summary": "The Montana Code Annotated (MCA) contains the state's laws, which may include provisions for civil remedies such as treble damages and attorney fees.",
      "body": "The Montana Code Annotated (MCA) contains the state's laws, which may include provisions for civil remedies such as treble damages and attorney fees.\n\nWhat Montana (official) actually says:\n\n“Montana Code Annotated (MCA)”\n\nNote: Quinn (local boss on MCG): full page read, quote checked word-for-word on the page by the program",
      "source_type": "official",
      "source_link": "https://mt.gov/",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-24",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "source_publisher": "Montana (official)",
      "evidence_quote": "Montana Code Annotated (MCA)",
      "volatility": "low",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "civil remedy (treble damages, attorney fees)",
      "applies_to_country": "US",
      "applies_to_scope": "Montana",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "us-mt"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_q2",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: attorney general / judicial self-help guidance page",
      "summary": "The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks manages fishing and hunting seasons for at least 17 species of game fish.",
      "body": "The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks manages fishing and hunting seasons for at least 17 species of game fish.\n\nWhat en.wikipedia.org actually says:\n\n“The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks manages fishing and hunting seasons for at least 17 species of game fish , including seven species of trout, walleye , and smallmouth bass [ 90 ] and at least 29 species of game birds and animals including ring-neck pheasant , grey partridge , elk , pronghorn antelope , mule deer , whitetail deer , gray wolf , and bighorn sheep . [ 91 ]”\n\nNote: Quinn (local boss on MCG): full page read, quote checked word-for-word on the page by the program; tier/confidence conservative - the verify gate decides",
      "source_type": "research",
      "source_link": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Montana",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-24",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "source_publisher": "en.wikipedia.org",
      "evidence_quote": "The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks manages fishing and hunting seasons for at least 17 species of game fish , including seven species of trout, walleye , and smallmouth bass [ 90 ] and at least 29 species of game birds and animals including ring-neck pheasant , grey partridge , elk , pronghorn antelope , mule deer , whitetail deer , gray wolf , and bighorn sheep . [ 91 ]",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "attorney general / judicial self-help guidance page",
      "applies_to_country": "any",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "any"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_q3",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: attorney general / judicial self-help guidance page",
      "summary": "The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks operates approximately 275,265 acres of state parks and access points on the state's rivers and lakes.",
      "body": "The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks operates approximately 275,265 acres of state parks and access points on the state's rivers and lakes.\n\nWhat en.wikipedia.org actually says:\n\n“The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks operate approximately 275,265 acres (1,113.96 km 2 ) of state parks and access points on the state's rivers and lakes.”\n\nNote: Quinn (local boss on MCG): full page read, quote checked word-for-word on the page by the program; tier/confidence conservative - the verify gate decides",
      "source_type": "research",
      "source_link": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Montana",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-24",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "source_publisher": "en.wikipedia.org",
      "evidence_quote": "The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks operate approximately 275,265 acres (1,113.96 km 2 ) of state parks and access points on the state's rivers and lakes.",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "attorney general / judicial self-help guidance page",
      "applies_to_country": "any",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "any"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "learn_r682_montana_recording_consent_one_party_or_two_party_montana_682_q4",
      "category": "Safety",
      "title": "Montana: attorney general / judicial self-help guidance page",
      "summary": "The Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation manages 5,200,000 acres of School Trust Land.",
      "body": "The Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation manages 5,200,000 acres of School Trust Land.\n\nWhat en.wikipedia.org actually says:\n\n“The Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation manages 5,200,000 acres (21,000 km 2 ) of School Trust Land ceded by the federal government under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to the state in 1889 when Montana was granted statehood.”\n\nNote: Quinn (local boss on MCG): full page read, quote checked word-for-word on the page by the program; tier/confidence conservative - the verify gate decides",
      "source_type": "research",
      "source_link": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Montana",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-24",
      "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "source_publisher": "en.wikipedia.org",
      "evidence_quote": "The Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation manages 5,200,000 acres (21,000 km 2 ) of School Trust Land ceded by the federal government under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to the state in 1889 when Montana was granted statehood.",
      "volatility": "medium",
      "from_batch": "682-montana-recording-consent-one-party-or-two-party",
      "subject": "Montana",
      "topic": "attorney general / judicial self-help guidance page",
      "applies_to_country": "any",
      "tags": {
        "lane": "any",
        "stage": "any",
        "region": [
          "any"
        ],
        "platform": "any",
        "topic": [
          "unclassified"
        ],
        "explicitness": "any"
      }
    }
  ]
}