{ "batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "articles": [ { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_anchor_51_07", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] North Dakota Century Code: Chapter 51-07 index heading (anchor)", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] The North Dakota Legislative Branch's official Century Code site (ndlegis.gov) publishes chapter 51-07 under the heading quoted.", "body": "The North Dakota Legislative Branch's official Century Code site (ndlegis.gov) publishes chapter 51-07 under the heading quoted.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code) actually says:\n\n“North Dakota Century Code Chapter 51-07 Miscellaneous Provisions”\n\nNote: Anchor record: the legislature's own statute site, ndlegis.gov (state domain).", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t51c07.html", "last_verified": "2026-10-19", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code)", "evidence_quote": "North Dakota Century Code Chapter 51-07 Miscellaneous Provisions", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "North Dakota Century Code", "topic": "Chapter 51-07 index heading (anchor)", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "ND", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "setting_up", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_av_def_51_07_32_1g", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32: Age verification: 'sexual material harmful to a minor' definition", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(1)(g) defines 'sexual material harmful to a minor' as material that appeals to the prurient interest with respect to a minor, is patently offensive with respect to a minor in depicting actual, simulated or animated sexual displays, and lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value for a minor.", "body": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(1)(g) defines 'sexual material harmful to a minor' as material that appeals to the prurient interest with respect to a minor, is patently offensive with respect to a minor in depicting actual, simulated or animated sexual displays, and lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value for a minor.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code) actually says:\n\n“g. \"Sexual material harmful to a minor\" includes material that: (1) The average individual applying contemporary community standards would find, taking the material as a whole and with respect to a minor, is designed to appeal to or pander to the prurient interest; (2) In a manner patently offensive with respect to a minor, exploits, is devoted to, or principally consists of descriptions of actual, simulated, or animated displays or depictions of: (a) An individual's pubic hair, anus, genitals, or the nipple of the female breast; (b) Touching, caressing, or fondling of nipples, breasts, buttocks, anuses, or genitals; or (c) Sexual intercourse, masturbation, sodomy, bestiality, oral copulation, flagellation, excretory functions, exhibitions, or any other sexual act; and (3) Taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value for a minor.”\n\nNote: Source is the legislature's chapter PDF (ndlegis.gov); the verifier cannot read PDFs, quote checked by hand with pdftotext.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t51c07.pdf", "last_verified": "2026-10-19", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code)", "evidence_quote": "g. \"Sexual material harmful to a minor\" includes material that: (1) The average individual applying contemporary community standards would find, taking the material as a whole and with respect to a minor, is designed to appeal to or pander to the prurient interest; (2) In a manner patently offensive with respect to a minor, exploits, is devoted to, or principally consists of descriptions of actual, simulated, or animated displays or depictions of: (a) An individual's pubic hair, anus, genitals, or the nipple of the female breast; (b) Touching, caressing, or fondling of nipples, breasts, buttocks, anuses, or genitals; or (c) Sexual intercourse, masturbation, sodomy, bestiality, oral copulation, flagellation, excretory functions, exhibitions, or any other sexual act; and (3) Taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value for a minor.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32", "topic": "Age verification: 'sexual material harmful to a minor' definition", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "ND", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "setting_up", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_av_entity_51_07_32_1a", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32: Age verification: who is a 'commercial entity'", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(1)(a) defines 'commercial entity' to include a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited partnership, sole proprietorship, or other legally recognized business entity; a sole proprietorship is named, so an individual creator operating as one is within the word, but the duty in subsection 2 also requires publishing on a website that contains a substantial portion of such material.", "body": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(1)(a) defines 'commercial entity' to include a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited partnership, sole proprietorship, or other legally recognized business entity; a sole proprietorship is named, so an individual creator operating as one is within the word, but the duty in subsection 2 also requires publishing on a website that contains a substantial portion of such material.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code) actually says:\n\n“\"Commercial entity\" includes a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited partnership, sole proprietorship, or other legally recognized business entity.”\n\nNote: Source is the legislature's chapter PDF (ndlegis.gov); the verifier cannot read PDFs, quote checked by hand with pdftotext.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t51c07.pdf", "last_verified": "2026-10-19", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code)", "evidence_quote": "\"Commercial entity\" includes a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited partnership, sole proprietorship, or other legally recognized business entity.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32", "topic": "Age verification: who is a 'commercial entity'", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "ND", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "setting_up", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_av_thresh_51_07_32_1h", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32: Age verification: 'substantial portion' threshold", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(1)(h) defines \"substantial portion\" as more than thirty-three and one-third percent of the total material on a website being sexual material harmful to a minor; the duty to verify age is tied to a website, not to an individual item.", "body": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(1)(h) defines \"substantial portion\" as more than thirty-three and one-third percent of the total material on a website being sexual material harmful to a minor; the duty to verify age is tied to a website, not to an individual item.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code) actually says:\n\n“\"Substantial portion\" means if more than thirty-three and one-third percent of total material on a website is sexual material harmful to a minor.”\n\nNote: Source is the legislature's chapter PDF (ndlegis.gov); the verifier cannot read PDFs, quote checked by hand with pdftotext.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t51c07.pdf", "last_verified": "2026-10-19", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code)", "evidence_quote": "\"Substantial portion\" means if more than thirty-three and one-third percent of total material on a website is sexual material harmful to a minor.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32", "topic": "Age verification: 'substantial portion' threshold", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "ND", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "setting_up", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_av_duty_51_07_32_2", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32: Age verification: the duty and liability trigger", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(2) holds liable a commercial entity that knowingly publishes or distributes sexual material harmful to a minor on the internet from a website that contains a substantial portion of such material, if it fails to perform reasonable age verification to verify the age of an individual attempting to access the material.", "body": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(2) holds liable a commercial entity that knowingly publishes or distributes sexual material harmful to a minor on the internet from a website that contains a substantial portion of such material, if it fails to perform reasonable age verification to verify the age of an individual attempting to access the material.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code) actually says:\n\n“2. A commercial entity that knowingly publishes or distributes sexual material harmful to a minor on the internet from a website that contains a substantial portion of the material must be held liable if the entity fails to perform reasonable age verification methods to verify the age of an individual attempting to access the material.”\n\nNote: Source is the legislature's chapter PDF (ndlegis.gov); the verifier cannot read PDFs, quote checked by hand with pdftotext.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t51c07.pdf", "last_verified": "2026-10-19", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code)", "evidence_quote": "2. A commercial entity that knowingly publishes or distributes sexual material harmful to a minor on the internet from a website that contains a substantial portion of the material must be held liable if the entity fails to perform reasonable age verification methods to verify the age of an individual attempting to access the material.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32", "topic": "Age verification: the duty and liability trigger", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "ND", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "setting_up", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_av_method_51_07_32_1f", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32: Age verification: accepted methods", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(1)(f) lists reasonable age verification methods as a digitized identification card or a commercial age verification system using government-issued identification, a commercially available age-and-identity database, or any commercially reasonable method relying on public or private transactional data.", "body": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(1)(f) lists reasonable age verification methods as a digitized identification card or a commercial age verification system using government-issued identification, a commercially available age-and-identity database, or any commercially reasonable method relying on public or private transactional data.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code) actually says:\n\n“(1) A digitized identification card; or (2) Requiring the individual attempting to access the material to comply with a commercial age verification system including the use of: (a) Government-issued identification; (b) A commercially available database regularly used by a business or government entity for the purpose of age and identity verification; or (c) Any commercially reasonable method that relies on public or private transactional data to verify the age of the individual attempting to access the information is eighteen years of age or older.”\n\nNote: Source is the legislature's chapter PDF (ndlegis.gov); the verifier cannot read PDFs, quote checked by hand with pdftotext.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t51c07.pdf", "last_verified": "2026-10-19", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code)", "evidence_quote": "(1) A digitized identification card; or (2) Requiring the individual attempting to access the material to comply with a commercial age verification system including the use of: (a) Government-issued identification; (b) A commercially available database regularly used by a business or government entity for the purpose of age and identity verification; or (c) Any commercially reasonable method that relies on public or private transactional data to verify the age of the individual attempting to access the information is eighteen years of age or older.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32", "topic": "Age verification: accepted methods", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "ND", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "setting_up", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_av_retain_51_07_32_3", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32: Age verification: data retention", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(3) bars a commercial entity or third party that performs the age verification from retaining any identifying information of the individual after access has been granted.", "body": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(3) bars a commercial entity or third party that performs the age verification from retaining any identifying information of the individual after access has been granted.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code) actually says:\n\n“3. A commercial entity or third party that performs the required age verification may not retain”\n\nNote: Source is the legislature's chapter PDF (ndlegis.gov); the verifier cannot read PDFs, quote checked by hand with pdftotext.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t51c07.pdf", "last_verified": "2026-10-19", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code)", "evidence_quote": "3. A commercial entity or third party that performs the required age verification may not retain", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32", "topic": "Age verification: data retention", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "ND", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "setting_up", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_av_enforce_51_07_32_5", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32: Age verification: enforcement is a private civil action", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(4)-(6) makes a violating commercial entity liable for damages and lets a parent or guardian of a minor given access, or an individual whose identifying information was retained, bring a civil action for an injunction, compensatory and exemplary damages, and costs and attorney fees; the section names no state agency enforcer and no criminal penalty.", "body": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(4)-(6) makes a violating commercial entity liable for damages and lets a parent or guardian of a minor given access, or an individual whose identifying information was retained, bring a civil action for an injunction, compensatory and exemplary damages, and costs and attorney fees; the section names no state agency enforcer and no criminal penalty.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code) actually says:\n\n“4. A commercial entity found to have violated subsection 2 or 3 is liable for damages. 5. A civil action may be brought against any commercial entity, or third party that performs the required age verification on behalf of the commercial entity, by: a. A parent or guardian whose minor child was allowed access to the material in violation of subsection 2; or b. An individual whose identifying information is retained in violation of subsection 3. 6. An individual authorized to bring a civil action under subsection 5 may seek and the court may award: a. An injunction to enjoin continued violation of this section; b. Compensatory and exemplary damages; and c. Costs and fees, including reasonable attorney fees.”\n\nNote: Source is the legislature's chapter PDF (ndlegis.gov); the verifier cannot read PDFs, quote checked by hand with pdftotext.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t51c07.pdf", "last_verified": "2026-10-19", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code)", "evidence_quote": "4. A commercial entity found to have violated subsection 2 or 3 is liable for damages. 5. A civil action may be brought against any commercial entity, or third party that performs the required age verification on behalf of the commercial entity, by: a. A parent or guardian whose minor child was allowed access to the material in violation of subsection 2; or b. An individual whose identifying information is retained in violation of subsection 3. 6. An individual authorized to bring a civil action under subsection 5 may seek and the court may award: a. An injunction to enjoin continued violation of this section; b. Compensatory and exemplary damages; and c. Costs and fees, including reasonable attorney fees.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32", "topic": "Age verification: enforcement is a private civil action", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "ND", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "setting_up", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_av_exempt_51_07_32_7", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32: Age verification: news and intermediary exemptions", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(7)-(8) exempts bona fide news or public-interest broadcasts and reports, and provides that an internet service provider, search engine, cloud service provider or application store is not in violation solely for providing access to content it did not create.", "body": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32(7)-(8) exempts bona fide news or public-interest broadcasts and reports, and provides that an internet service provider, search engine, cloud service provider or application store is not in violation solely for providing access to content it did not create.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code) actually says:\n\n“7. This section does not apply to any bona fide news or public interest broadcast, website video, report, or event, and may not be construed to affect the rights of any newsgathering organization. 8. An internet service provider or its affiliates or subsidiaries, a search engine, a cloud service provider, or an application store, may not be held to have violated this section solely for providing access or connection to or from a website or other information or content on the internet or a facility, system, or network not under the provider's control, including transmission, downloading, intermediate storage, access software, or other forms of access or storage to the extent the provider is not responsible for the creation of the content of the communication that constitutes sexual material harmful to a minor.”\n\nNote: Source is the legislature's chapter PDF (ndlegis.gov); the verifier cannot read PDFs, quote checked by hand with pdftotext.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t51c07.pdf", "last_verified": "2026-10-19", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch (North Dakota Century Code)", "evidence_quote": "7. This section does not apply to any bona fide news or public interest broadcast, website video, report, or event, and may not be construed to affect the rights of any newsgathering organization. 8. An internet service provider or its affiliates or subsidiaries, a search engine, a cloud service provider, or an application store, may not be held to have violated this section solely for providing access or connection to or from a website or other information or content on the internet or a facility, system, or network not under the provider's control, including transmission, downloading, intermediate storage, access software, or other forms of access or storage to the extent the provider is not responsible for the creation of the content of the communication that constitutes sexual material harmful to a minor.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "N.D.C.C. 51-07-32", "topic": "Age verification: news and intermediary exemptions", "applies_to_country": "US", "applies_to_scope": "ND", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "setting_up", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "unclassified" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_nd753_anchor_centurycode", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] North Dakota Century Code: official statute index", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] North Dakota's official statutes are published as the North Dakota Century Code on the legislature's site ndlegis.gov, whose Century Code index page lists every title of the code and states that the text published on the website is the official version of the North Dakota Century Code.", "body": "North Dakota's official statutes are published as the North Dakota Century Code on the legislature's site ndlegis.gov, whose Century Code index page lists every title of the code and states that the text published on the website is the official version of the North Dakota Century Code.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch actually says:\n\n“The text of the North Dakota Century Code published on this website is the official version of the North Dakota Century Code and may vary from any printed or online versions of the North Dakota Century Code available from private publishers.”\n\nNote: Anchor record for batch 753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws. Index page heading is 'Century Code'. All later records in this batch sit under this citation. Region tag us-nd per batch instruction.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/general-information/north-dakota-century-code/index.html", "last_verified": "2026-10-17", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch", "evidence_quote": "The text of the North Dakota Century Code published on this website is the official version of the North Dakota Century Code and may vary from any printed or online versions of the North Dakota Century Code available from private publishers.", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "North Dakota Century Code", "topic": "official statute index", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "any", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "safety.legal", "access.id" ], "explicitness": "any" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } }, { "id": "learn_r753_north_dakota_age_verification_laws_nd753_repealed_obscenity_chapter", "category": "Safety", "title": "[Unverified - being checked] Obscenity chapter repealed", "summary": "[Unverified - being checked] North Dakota Century Code Chapter 12.1-27, titled 'Obscenity,' is marked as repealed in the official Century Code index and its PDF text is empty, so it contains no operative age-verification, verification-method, data-retention, penalty, or enforcement text.", "body": "North Dakota Century Code Chapter 12.1-27, titled 'Obscenity,' is marked as repealed in the official Century Code index and its PDF text is empty, so it contains no operative age-verification, verification-method, data-retention, penalty, or enforcement text.\n\nWhat North Dakota Legislative Branch actually says:\n\n“Chapter 12.1-27 - Obscenity [Repealed]”\n\nNote: Chapter 12.1-27 'Obscenity' is listed in the code index with the tag '[Repealed]' and its official PDF contains no operative text (empty PDF body). This is the closest pre-existing topic to age verification; it was repealed and contains no current duty. Confidence 'high' for the repeal status; no operative provisions exist to quote.", "source_type": "official", "source_link": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t12-1c27.pdf", "last_verified": "2026-10-17", "reliability": "STRONG PRACTICE", "source_tier": "A", "source_publisher": "North Dakota Legislative Branch", "evidence_quote": "Chapter 12.1-27 - Obscenity [Repealed]", "volatility": "low", "from_batch": "753-north-dakota-age-verification-laws", "subject": "North Dakota Century Code Chapter 12.1-27", "topic": "obscenity chapter repealed", "tags": { "lane": "any", "stage": "trouble", "region": [ "us-nd" ], "platform": "any", "topic": [ "rules.content", "safety.legal", "rules.enforcement" ], "explicitness": "suggestive" }, "verification": { "status": "unverified", "label": "Unverified - being checked", "reasons": [ "legal_fetch_over_cap" ], "checked_utc": "20261021-123916Z" } } ] }